Measuring Knowledge Assets of a Nation Measuring Knowledge Assets of a Nation : Knowledge Systems for Development Research

Ongoing transition of the United Nations Member States to knowledge-based economies is a watershed event in the evolution of the global knowledge economies. This transition marks a paradigmatic shift from energy-based economies with traditional factors of production to informationbased economies based upon knowledge assets and intellectual capital. As envisioned in the UN Millennium Declaration, development of national knowledge societies should encompass social, cultural, and human development besides economic growth. Accordingly, one objective of this study is to develop the theoretical and pragmatic foundations for management and measurement of knowledge assets to facilitate this vision of holistic growth and development. Based upon a review of theory, research, practices, and national policies, we critically analyze and contrast the most popular models available for measurement of national knowledge assets. Our review includes knowledge modeling and measurement frameworks and their applications by reputed developmental organizations and national governments. There are two other key outcomes of the above review and analysis. First, to build the capacity of the public sector for measuring and managing knowledge assets, we propose, develop, and define specific frameworks, methodologies, models and indicators with illustrative real world applications. Second, we make specific recommendations for necessary improvements needed in knowledge assets management and measurement models and indicators. Prudent and effective policy directives depend upon pragmatic but theoretically and psychometrically valid measurement models for their success. We recommend that the future development of such models be based upon better understanding of human capital and social capital as well as their synthesis with existing intellectual capital frameworks and models. The findings and recommendations of this study will provide the cornerstone for measuring and managing national knowledge assets for United Nations Member States toward holistic socio-economic development.

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