Recovery of photoreceptor layer on spectral-domain optical coherence tomography after vitreous surgery combined with air tamponade in chronic idiopathic macular hole.

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE Studies using sterilized air in chronic idiopathic macular holes show varying success rates, and the impact of a shorter duration of tamponade on photoreceptor layer recovery is not fully elucidated. PATIENTS AND METHODS Surgical outcomes of 35 cases (seven in stage 3 and 28 in stage 4) were assessed for best corrected visual acuity and with spectral-domain optical coherence tomography. RESULTS The primary closure rate was 91.4%, and the closed cases and unclosed cases were significantly different in the preoperative (P = .042) and postoperative (P = .040) diameter of the photoreceptor layer defect. After surgery, there was a significant improvement in best corrected visual acuity and a decrease in the photoreceptor layer defect. The postoperative logarithm of the minimal angle of resolution was significantly correlated with the preoperative hole diameter (P = .003) and the postoperative diameter of the photoreceptor layer defect (P = .005). CONCLUSION Air tamponade is a safe and effective treatment for chronic and severe macular holes, with several spectral-domain optical coherence tomography parameters highly predictive of postoperative visual acuity.

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