Propagación vegetativa de Pinus leiophylla Schiede Ex Schltdl. Et Cham.

In order to clone genotypes of a seed orchard of P. leiophylla with the better phenotypic characteristics and resistant putatively to Dendroctonus sp. and Toumeyella pinicola Ferris., rooting cuttings, air layering and grafting for vegetative propagation of genotypes of interest was performed. With the first method cloning propagation was for the offspring, whereas the other methods were developed for progenitors. In the rooted cuttings the effect of substrate, type of cutting and indolebutyric acid (IBA) concentration was evaluated. Two types of substrate (100% of perlite vs. mix of peat, perlite, vermiculite 1:1:1), two types of cuttings (apical vs. basal) and two concentrations of IBA (0 vs. 10, 000 ppm). In air layering effect of four concentrations of IBA (0, 3000, 5000 and 10000 ppm) was evaluated, while the effect of the donor tree and type of scion were the factors considered in the graft. The rooted cuttings using basal cuttings is 3.5 times more likely to be induced rooting than by apical cutting; rooting percentage between the highest and lowest treatment response was 45.3 and 8.6 %, respectively. The use of perlite and implementation of IBA favored a greater number of roots. For air layering using concentrations of 3000, 5000 and 10000 ppm IBA is 1.6, 3.2 and 12 times more likely to be induced rooting with the concentration of 0 ppm. In propagation by grafting was not possible to perform a statistical analysis of the factors under study; environmental conditions and the quality of rootstocks limited engraftment.