Caffeine and screen time in adolescence: associations with short sleep and obesity.

OBJECTIVE To investigate the associations between sleep duration and obesity incidence and risk factors among pre-adolescents and adolescents. DESIGN Cross-sectional study of a community based cohort SETTING The Tucson Children's Assessment of Sleep Apnea follow-up study (TuCASA) cohort. PARTICIPANTS 319 Caucasian and Hispanics between 10-17 years. MAIN OUTCOME Parent-reported sleep duration and BMI z-score. OUTCOME MEASURES Surveys of electronic screen time, dietary and caffeine intake, exercise and sleep habits by parents, and anthropometric measures. RESULTS Parent-reported total sleep time (TST) was inversely associated with BMI z-score, but not significantly correlated with any of the examined nutritional variables or exercise components. Hispanic ethnicity was associated with significantly lower parent-reported TST and higher BMI z-score. Parent-reported TST was inversely related to electronic screen time and caffeine use, but these findings were differentially related to age. Caffeine consumption was associated with decreasing parent-reported TST primarily in older adolescents. Electronic screen time was associated with lower parent-reported TST in younger adolescents. CONCLUSIONS Hispanic ethnicity and parental reports of TST were found to be the most closely associated with BMI z-score. Decreased TST and increased caffeine intake and screen time may result in higher obesity risk in the adolescent population.

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