Preliminary design of radial inflow turbine and working fluid selection based on particle swarm optimization

Abstract Organic Rankine cycle (ORC) is an efficient technique to recycle the low temperature heat sources. The design method of the critical component, radial inflow turbine, is a main focus of research. A preliminary design method was developed to optimize eight critical parameters based on particle swarm optimization (PSO) algorithm. The isotropic efficiency was the objective function of the algorithm. Six working fluids were selected to conduct turbine design based on the design method. The turbine with R245fa was determined to be optimal due to its small geometry size, high exergy efficiency (0.929) and high load coefficient (1.1027). The off-design performance of R245fa turbine was investigated with the variation of pressure ratio (PR), stator inlet temperature and power output. The results indicate that the turbine efficiencies increase with the reduction of PR and turbine inlet temperature and the increase of power output. The exergy efficiency and isotropic efficiency drop slightly with the increase of turbine inlet temperature. So the turbine with R245fa exhibited good off-design performance.

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