Nanobelt Structure in Perovskite–Spinel Composite Thin Films

We report a nanobelt structure along the 〈110〉 direction in perovskite–spinel (BiFeO3–CoFe2O4 or BFO–CFO) composite epitaxial thin films deposited on SrTiO3 (STO) substrates by pulsed laser deposition. The results reveal the nucleation and growth mechanism of a nanostructure: first nucleation of perovskite phase regions on STO, followed by segregation of spinel out of the perovskite phase, and finally by evolution of spinel nanobelts that are elongated along the 〈110〉. The reason for control of the nanostructure evolution is a ledge growth mechanism of spinel along the 〈110〉 direction.

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