Ethical Beliefs of Business Professionals: A Study of Gender, Age and External Factors

The present study examined how ethical beliefs and external factors affecting ethical beliefs are related to age and gender of business professionals. The results indicated that business professionals in the younger age group exhibited a lower standard of ethical beliefs. In the younger age groups, the females demonstrated a higher level of ethical beliefs, while in the older age group, the results suggested that the males had a slightly higher level of ethical beliefs. With regards to the influence of external factors on ethical beliefs, the results yielded a significant interaction between age and gender. The younger age groups, males in particular, were more susceptible to external factors. People at home had the most influence on beliefs about ethics, while the individual's supervisor had the least impact. The results were discussed in terms of theories of moral development.

[1]  L. Dawson,et al.  Ethical Differences Between Men and Women in The Sales Profession , 1997 .

[2]  James R. Harris Ethical Values and Decision Processes of Male and Female Business Students , 1989 .

[3]  S. Vitell,et al.  The Influence of Corporate Culture on Managerial Ethical Judgments , 1997 .

[4]  I. P. Akaah Differences in research ethics judgments between male and female marketing professionals , 1989 .

[5]  Anusorn Singhapakdi,et al.  Marketing Ethics: Factors Influencing Perceptions of Ethical Problems and Alternatives , 1990 .

[6]  John M. Gottman,et al.  How Children Become Friends. , 1983 .

[7]  Robert E. Stevens,et al.  Differences in Ethical Perceptions Between Male and Female Managers" Myth or Reality? , 1987 .

[8]  Lawrence B. Chonko,et al.  Ethics and marketing management: An empirical examination , 1985 .

[9]  Lenahan O'Connell,et al.  Gender differences in proclivity for unethical behavior , 1989 .

[10]  O. C. Ferrell,et al.  Predicting Unethical Behavior Among Marketing Practitioners , 1979 .

[11]  L. Kohlberg Stage and sequence: The cognitive-developmental approach to socialization , 1969 .

[12]  L. Treviño Ethical Decision Making in Organizations: A Person-Situation Interactionist Model , 1986 .

[13]  C. Gilligan In a Different Voice: Psychological Theory and Women''s , 1982 .

[14]  David J. Fritzsche,et al.  An Examination of Marketing Ethics: Role of the Decision Maker, Consequences of the Decision, Management Position, and Sex of the Respondent , 1988 .

[15]  J. Piaget,et al.  The Moral Judgement of the Child , 1977 .

[16]  Barbara Apostolou,et al.  Heroes as a Context for Teaching Ethics , 1997 .

[17]  C. Bonjean,et al.  Gender and Opportunity in the Federal Bureaucracy , 1985, American Journal of Sociology.

[18]  Steven E. Markham,et al.  An Empirical Examination of the Relationship Between Ethical Climate and Ethical Behavior from Multiple Levels of Analysis , 1997 .

[19]  Universal Values, Behavioral Ethics and Entrepreneurship , 1997 .

[20]  Alan J. Dubinsky,et al.  Ethics in retailing: Perceptions of retail salespeople , 1985 .

[21]  Anne Colby,et al.  A Longitudinal Study of Moral Judgment. , 1983 .