Hierarchical Energy Efficient Routing Protocol (HEERP) for Wireless Sensor Networks (WSN)

Wireless Sensor Network consists of an enormous number of small disposable sensors which have limited energy. These sensors cannot be replaced once they are deployed, as the users usually have no access to these nodes. In many situations like battle field monitoring, rescue operations, the battery operated nodes usually have no accessibility and thus its battery can't be replaced. Hence, energy efficiency is the key research question in wireless sensor networks that is required to be fingered sensibly in order to prolong or improve the life time of the network. An extensive amount of energy is consumed during routing operations; because of this it is the hottest research area in WSN. In the proposed mechanism, the operations of network are divided into different phases. These are cluster setup, intra cluster communication, and Cluster Head-Base station communication phase. In Cluster Head-Base station communication phase, the base station construct a shortest path rooted at base station discussed in algorithm 1. The data is sent to BS via these paths. The Hierarchical Energy Efficient Routing Protocol (HEERP) distributes the energy load in such a way that every sensor node will consume its minimum average energy to improve the network lifetime. Simulation results show that the life time of the proposed model is competent as compared to existing techniques.

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