Comparison of Three Methods of Teaching Geology in Junior High School.

Three groups of students were exposed to different methods of teaching (lecture, lecture-laboratory, and field trip) to see whether there was a significant difference in the amount of learning among teaching methods. The students were tested on both concrete and abstract information, and an analysis of variance was used to test for significant differences. It was determined that students who went on the field trips did significantly better on observation questions (remembering facts) than students who were exposed only to lectures, or students who had lectures and laboratory experiences. There were no significant differences among group scores on interpretation questions.