Optimization of process parameters for biodiesel extraction from tamanu oil using design of experiments

Petroleum reserves are diminishing at a faster rate and the world is facing twin crisis in fossil fuel depletion and environmental degradation owing to extensive use of fossil fuel. Finding viable and sustainable alternative fuel is crucial for the world at large and especially for oil importing countries like India. In the present work, biodiesel is produced from tamanu oil, which is non-edible, plentiful, and cost effective. However, the viscosity is high which demands a two stage esterification to reduce its fatty acid content within the limits for automotive applications. Due to interactive effects among the process parameters, design of experiments is employed for optimization. It was observed that methanol and catalyst concentration are the major influencing process parameters, whereas time and temperature have insignificant role on acid value reduction and percentage of oil yield. The extracted biodiesel was tested for fuel properties with standard test procedures and found to be in compliance with ASTM standards.

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