DNA vaccines: A hope full ray in Immunology

DNA vaccines uses foreign DNA to express an endcoded protein and stimulates the body's immune system. It represents a new approach to immunization which is potentially less expensive than the old vaccines. After inoculation into the host, DNA enters the cells, where the antigen is expressed, processed and subsequently recognized by immune system as in a natural infection. Certain methods like gene gun and elecroporation are used to deliver DNA vaccines. DNA vaccines undergo through clinical trials to find the way to treat autoimmune diseases, hepatitis, mycobacterial diseases, allergy and malaria. This review focuses on mechanism by which DNA vaccination induces immune response, delivering method and applications of DNA vaccinations.