Abstract. This study extends the growing literature on the deteminants of the variation in the relationship between unexpected earnings and abnormal security returns (the earnings response coefficient). We hypothesize that the firm's default risk as measured by financial leverage would affect the earnings response coefficient. We test this hypothesis by partitioning firms according to (1) the existence of debt in the capital structure (all-equity versus levered firms) and (2) the level of leverage (low-leverage versus high-leverage firms). The results are generally consistent with our hypothesis. Specifically, we find that the earnings response coefficients are larger for all-equity and low-leverage firms vis-a-vis matched-levered and high-leverage firms, even after controlling for the effects of equity beta, persistence, risk premium, and measurement error in unexpected earnings. Our findings are also robust with respect to the choice of earnings measure, either before or after interest charges.
Resume. L'etude s'inscrit dans le prolongement des travaux de plus en plus nombreux portant sur les determinants de la fluctuation de la relation entre les benefices imprevus et les rendements anormaux des titres (le coefficient de reponse des benefices). Les auteurs posent l'hypothese que le risque de non-paiement de l'entreprise, mesure en termes de levier financier, influe sur le coefficient de reponse des benefices. Les auteurs testent cette hypothese en classant les entreprises selon 1) l'existence ou non de capitaux empruntes dans la structure du capital (entreprises dont les capitaux sont exclusivement des capitaux propres par rapport aux entreprises dont les capitaux sont en partie empruntes) et 2) l'importance du levier financier (entreprises dont le levier financier est faible par rapport aux entreprises dont l'importance du levier financier est elevee). Dans l'ensemble. les resultats confirment l'hypothese. De facon plus precise, les coefficients de reponse des benefices sont plus eleves pour les entreprises dont les capitaux sont exclusivement des capitaux propres et les entreprises dont le levier financier est faible, par rapport aux entreprises, classees selon la taille et le secteur d'activite, dont les capitaux sont davantage constitues de capitaux empruntes et dont le levier financier est eleve, meme lorsque sont controlees les repercussions du beta des capitaux propres, de la persistance, de la prime de risque et de l'erreur de mesure des benefices imprevus. Les resultats de leur etude resistent egalement a l'analyse lorsqu'ils font intervenir le choix de la mesure des benefices, avant ou apres avoir tenu compte des interets debiteurs.
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