A Hybrid Double-Threshold Based Cooperative Spectrum Sensing over Fading Channels

This paper investigates double-threshold-based energy detector for cooperative spectrum sensing mechanisms in cognitive wireless radio networks. We first propose a hybrid double-threshold-based energy detector (HDTED) to improve the sensing performance at secondary users (SUs) by exploiting both the local binary/energy decisions and global binary decisions feedback from the fusion center (FC). Significantly, we derive closed-form expressions and bounds for the probabilities of missed detection and false alarm considering a practical scenario where all channel links suffer from Rayleigh fading and background noise. The derived expressions not only show the improved performance achieved with the HDTED scheme but also enable us to analyze the impacts of the number of the SUs and the fading channels on the cooperative spectrum sensing performance. Furthermore, based on the derived bounds, we propose an optimal SU selection algorithm for forwarding the local decisions to the FC, which helps reduce the number of forwarding bits for a lower-complexity signaling. Finally, numerical results are provided to demonstrate the validity of the analytical findings.

[1]  Tao Luo,et al.  A Cooperative Double-Threshold Energy Detection Algorithm in Cognitive Radio Systems , 2009, 2009 5th International Conference on Wireless Communications, Networking and Mobile Computing.

[2]  Mohamed-Slim Alouini,et al.  On the Energy Detection of Unknown Signals Over Fading Channels , 2007, IEEE Transactions on Communications.

[3]  Gregory W. Wornell,et al.  Cooperative diversity in wireless networks: Efficient protocols and outage behavior , 2004, IEEE Transactions on Information Theory.

[4]  Quoc-Tuan Vien,et al.  An Efficient Cooperative Spectrum Sensing under Bandwidth Constraint with User Selection , 2014, 2014 IEEE 80th Vehicular Technology Conference (VTC2014-Fall).

[5]  Luc Vandendorpe,et al.  Sensing throughput tradeoff for cognitive radio networks with noise variance uncertainty , 2014, 2014 9th International Conference on Cognitive Radio Oriented Wireless Networks and Communications (CROWNCOM).

[6]  Zan Li,et al.  Efficient Soft Decision Fusion Rule in Cooperative Spectrum Sensing , 2013, IEEE Transactions on Signal Processing.

[7]  Elza Erkip,et al.  User cooperation diversity. Part I. System description , 2003, IEEE Trans. Commun..

[8]  Joseph Mitola,et al.  Cognitive radio: making software radios more personal , 1999, IEEE Wirel. Commun..

[9]  Elza Erkip,et al.  User cooperation diversity. Part II. Implementation aspects and performance analysis , 2003, IEEE Trans. Commun..

[10]  Gang Xiong,et al.  Cooperative Spectrum Sensing with Beamforming in Cognitive Radio Networks , 2011, IEEE Communications Letters.

[11]  Wei Zhang,et al.  Cooperative spectrum sensing with transmit and relay diversity in cognitive radio networks - [transaction letters] , 2008, IEEE Transactions on Wireless Communications.

[12]  Bin-Jie Hu,et al.  Hierarchical Cooperative Spectrum Sensing Based on Double Thresholds Energy Detection , 2012, IEEE Communications Letters.

[13]  R. M. A. P. Rajatheva,et al.  Performance Analysis of Primary User Energy Detection in a Cognitive Relay System with Diversity , 2011, 2011 IEEE 73rd Vehicular Technology Conference (VTC Spring).

[14]  Quoc-Tuan Vien,et al.  Performance analysis of cooperative spectrum sensing for cognitive wireless radio networks over Nakagami-m fading channels , 2014, 2014 IEEE 25th Annual International Symposium on Personal, Indoor, and Mobile Radio Communication (PIMRC).

[15]  Geoffrey Ye Li,et al.  Cooperative Spectrum Sensing in Cognitive Radio, Part I: Two User Networks , 2007, IEEE Transactions on Wireless Communications.

[16]  Insoo Koo,et al.  Cooperative Spectrum Sensing with Double Adaptive Energy Thresholds and Relaying Users in Cognitive Radio , 2010, 2010 Sixth Advanced International Conference on Telecommunications.

[17]  Khaled Ben Letaief,et al.  Cooperative Communications for Cognitive Radio Networks , 2009, Proceedings of the IEEE.

[18]  Khairi Ashour Hamdi,et al.  Non-cooperative double-threshold sensing scheme: A sensing-throughput tradeoff , 2013, 2013 IEEE Wireless Communications and Networking Conference (WCNC).

[19]  Geoffrey Ye Li,et al.  Cooperative Spectrum Sensing in Cognitive Radio, Part II: Multiuser Networks , 2007, IEEE Transactions on Wireless Communications.

[20]  Arumugam Nallanathan,et al.  Optimal Sensing Time and Power Allocation in Multiband Cognitive Radio Networks , 2010 .

[21]  Amir Ghasemi,et al.  Opportunistic Spectrum Access in Fading Channels Through Collaborative Sensing , 2007, J. Commun..

[22]  R.W. Brodersen,et al.  Implementation issues in spectrum sensing for cognitive radios , 2004, Conference Record of the Thirty-Eighth Asilomar Conference on Signals, Systems and Computers, 2004..

[23]  Le-Nam Tran,et al.  Double-threshold based cooperative spectrum sensing over imperfect channels , 2015, 2015 IEEE Wireless Communications and Networking Conference (WCNC).

[24]  Wei Zhang,et al.  Cooperative Spectrum Sensing for Cognitive Radios under Bandwidth Constraints , 2007, 2007 IEEE Wireless Communications and Networking Conference.

[25]  Amir Ghasemi,et al.  Spectrum sensing in cognitive radio networks: requirements, challenges and design trade-offs , 2008, IEEE Communications Magazine.

[26]  Huaglory Tianfield,et al.  Efficient cooperative spectrum sensing for three-hop cognitive wireless relay networks , 2013, IET Commun..

[27]  Yu-Dong Yao,et al.  Cooperative relay techniques for cognitive radio systems: Spectrum sensing and secondary user transmissions , 2012, IEEE Communications Magazine.

[28]  Ying-Chang Liang,et al.  Covariance Based Signal Detections for Cognitive Radio , 2007, 2007 2nd IEEE International Symposium on New Frontiers in Dynamic Spectrum Access Networks.

[29]  Georgios B. Giannakis,et al.  A Wavelet Approach to Wideband Spectrum Sensing for Cognitive Radios , 2006, 2006 1st International Conference on Cognitive Radio Oriented Wireless Networks and Communications.

[30]  H. Vincent Poor,et al.  Cooperative Sensing With Imperfect Reporting Channels: Hard Decisions or Soft Decisions? , 2012, IEEE Transactions on Signal Processing.

[31]  Hüseyin Arslan,et al.  A survey of spectrum sensing algorithms for cognitive radio applications , 2009, IEEE Communications Surveys & Tutorials.

[32]  Simon Haykin,et al.  Cognitive radio: brain-empowered wireless communications , 2005, IEEE Journal on Selected Areas in Communications.

[33]  Huaglory Tianfield,et al.  Efficient Cooperative Spectrum Sensing for Cognitive Wireless Relay Networks over Rayleigh Flat Fading Channels , 2012, 2012 IEEE 75th Vehicular Technology Conference (VTC Spring).