The effect of climatic factors on Colletotrichum gloeosporioides, causal agent of mango anthracnose, in the Philippines.

The epidemiology of the anthracnose pathogen of mango, Colletotrichum gloeosporioides, was studied over two growing seasons in the Philippines. This pathogen spreads within tree canopies as water-borne conidia during rainfall, and causes symptoms on young flush leaves, flowers and fruit. Infection studies with leaves and fruit incubated at different temperatures and humidities led to the derivation of a logistic regression model of the percentage of conidia forming appressoria. This model was compared with a similarly derived model from work in Australia; it appeared that the Philippine isolates of C. gloeosporioides were adapted to the higher mean temperatures of the Philippines. Conidia were observed to germinate and form appressoria at relative humidities (RH) between 95 and 100%, even though free surface moisture was only visible at 100% RH. This model was used retrospectively to estimate infection levels in two field trials which had been established to compare pre- and post-harvest practices in the control of the disease. Using this information to plan applications of a curative fungicide might have resulted in four fewer sprays in the first trial and one less in the second, compared with the standard protective spray programme employed.

[1]  R. Fitzell,et al.  The epidemiology of anthracnose disease of mango: inoculum sources, spore production and dispersal , 1984 .

[2]  C. M. Peak,et al.  Development of a microprocessor-based data recording system for predicting plant disease based on studies on mango anthracnose , 1986 .

[3]  C. Prior,et al.  Effect of low volume copper sprays with polyisobutene sticker on mango blossom blight (Glomerella cingulata) in Dominica. , 1987 .

[4]  R. Wastie.  Secondary leaf fall of Hevea brasiliensis: factors affecting the production, germination and viability of spores of Colletotrichum gloeosporioides , 1972 .

[5]  Laurence V. Madden,et al.  Influence of temperature and wetness duration on infection of immature and mature strawberry fruit by Colletotrichum acutatum , 1990 .

[6]  Ross Darnell,et al.  A model for estimating infection levels of anthracnose disease of mango , 1984 .

[7]  J. Doberski.  Comparative laboratory studies on three fungal pathogens of the elm bark beetle Scolytus scolytus: Effect of temperature and humidity on infection by Beauveria bassiana, Metarhizium anisopliae, and Paecilomyces farinosus , 1981 .

[8]  A. Chew,et al.  Influence of spore density and extracellular conidial matrix on spore germination in Colletotrichum capsici , 1988 .

[9]  J. C. Dodd,et al.  The biology and control of Colletotrichum species on tropical fruit crops , 1990 .

[10]  R. A. Peterson,et al.  SIGNIFICANCE OF TWO MANGO FLOWER DISEASES IN THE DRY TROPICS , 1991 .

[11]  S. Chakraborty,et al.  Anthracnose of Stylosanthes scabra: effect of leaf surface wetness on disease severity. , 1990 .

[12]  M. Jeger,et al.  Pre- and post-harvest control of mango anthracnose in the Philippines , 1991 .

[13]  H. Dillard.  Effect of temperature, wetness duration, and inoculum density on infection and lesion development of Colletotrichum coccodes on tomato fruit , 1989 .

[14]  F. J. Nutman,et al.  Investigations on a disease of Coffea arabica caused by a form of Colletotrichum coffeanum noack: II. Some factors affecting germination and infection, and their relation to disease distribution , 1960 .