Shear behavior of sensitive marine clay–steel interfaces

Many soil–structure interaction problems require the knowledge of the shear resistance and behavior between the soil and construction materials. Although sensitive marine clay deposits are widely found in Canada (Leda clay) and many regions in the world (e.g., Scandinavia), and steel is a common construction material for many civil engineering structures, our understanding of the interface shear behavior between sensitive marine clay and steel is still limited. This paper presents the results of an experimental study on the interface shear behavior between Leda clay and steel. In this research, direct shear tests (DSTs) are conducted to investigate the interface shear strength parameters and behavior between Leda clay and steel, and the effect of several factors (e.g., steel surface roughness, properties of the Leda clay) on the interface shear behavior and parameters. All tests have been carried out with a standard DST apparatus at normal loads which range from 250 to 450 kPa. The results show that the Leda clay interface shear behavior can be significantly affected by the steel surface roughness, the Leda clay’s OCR, dry density, and salt content. The results presented in this paper will contribute to a more cost-effective design of geotechnical structures in Leda clay.

[1]  I. Th. Rosenqvist,et al.  Considerations on the Sensitivity of Norwegian Quick-Clays , 1953 .

[2]  E. Penner.  Sensitivity in Leda Clay , 1963, Nature.

[3]  T. Løken,et al.  The quick-clay slide at Baastad, Norway, 1974 , 1979 .

[4]  Gérard Ballivy,et al.  Mineralogy, chemistry, and physical properties interrelationships of some sensitive clays from Eastern Canada , 1984 .

[5]  G. G. Meyerhof,et al.  The Behavior of Piles Driven in Clay. I. An Investigation of Soil Stress and Pore Water Pressure as Related to Soil Properties , 1972 .

[6]  K. Burn,et al.  Settlement of an Embankment on Leda Clay , 1968 .

[7]  H. Kishida,et al.  INFLUENTIAL FACTORS OF FRICTION BETWEEN STEEL AND DRY SANDS , 1986 .

[8]  T. Okamoto,et al.  Displacement properties of landslide masses at the initiation of failure in quick clay deposits and the effects of meteorological and hydrological factors , 2004 .

[9]  T. Løken,et al.  A GEOCHEMICAL INVESTIGATION OF THE SENSITIVITY OF A NORMALLY CONSOLIDATED CLAY FROM DRAMMEN. NORWAY , 1971 .

[10]  Kazem Fakharian,et al.  Elasto‐plastic modelling of stress‐path‐dependent behaviour of interfaces , 2000 .

[11]  R. Nova,et al.  MODELLING OF SOIL-STRUCTURE INTERFACE BEHAVIOUR: A COMPARISON BETWEEN ELASTOPLASTIC AND RATE TYPE LAWS , 1990 .

[12]  Jamshid Ghaboussi,et al.  Finite element for rock joints and interfaces , 1973 .

[13]  Luan Mao-tian.  A nonlinear elasto-perfectly plastic model of interface element for soil-structure interaction and its applications , 2004 .

[14]  Surajit Pal,et al.  Disturbed state model for sand-geosynthetic interfaces and application to pull-out tests , 1999 .

[15]  F. Tavenas,et al.  Behaviour of a sensitive clay during pile driving , 1981 .

[16]  J. G. Potyondy.  Skin Friction between Various Soils and Construction Materials , 1961 .

[17]  H. Kishida,et al.  FRICTION BETWEEN COHESIVE SOILS AND STEEL , 1993 .

[18]  Shi Ge-liang.  Bounding surface model for soil-structure interface under cyclic loading , 2007 .

[19]  J. Torrance.  On the Role of Chemistry in the Development and Behavior of the Sensitive Marine Clays of Canada and Scandinavia , 1975 .

[20]  J. Torrance,et al.  Effects of smectite, salinity and water content on sedimentation and self-weight consolidation of thoroughly disturbed soft marine clay , 2005, Paddy and Water Environment.

[21]  Sg Paikowsky,et al.  A Dual Interface Apparatus for Testing Unrestricted Friction of Soil Along Solid Surfaces , 1995 .

[22]  Tuncer B. Edil,et al.  Soil structure interaction analysis: modeling the interface , 2002 .

[23]  F. G. Bell,et al.  Engineering properties of soils and rocks , 1981 .

[24]  Jacek Tejchman,et al.  Numerical Study on sand and steel interfaces , 1994 .

[25]  F. Hammoud,et al.  EXPERIMENTAL STUDY OF THE BEHAVIOUR OF INTERFACIAL SHEARING BETWEEN COHESIVE SOILS AND SOLID MATERIALS AT LARGE DISPLACEMENT , 2006 .

[26]  Ivo Herle,et al.  Measurement of wall friction in direct shear tests on soft soil , 2012 .

[27]  Gerald A. Miller,et al.  Interface Direct Shear Testing of Unsaturated Soil , 2007 .

[28]  Jason T. DeJong,et al.  Role of overconsolidation on sand-geomembrane interface response and material damage evolution , 2005 .

[29]  C. Desai,et al.  Modelling of joints and interfaces using the disturbed-state concept , 1992 .

[30]  H. Kishida,et al.  Frictional Behaviour between Normally Consolidated Clay and Steel by Two Direct Shear Type Apparatuses , 1993 .

[31]  Hongmei Gao,et al.  Finite element analyses of negative skin friction on a single pile , 2012 .

[32]  G. Miller,et al.  Shear strength of unsaturated soil interfaces , 2009 .

[33]  J. Hamilton,et al.  Improved Determination of Preconsolidation Pressure of a Sensitive Clay , 1960 .

[34]  Antonio Gens,et al.  A constitutive model for rock joints formulation and numerical implementation , 1990 .

[35]  Jacek Tejchman,et al.  Experimental and numerical study of sand–steel interfaces , 1995 .

[36]  Y. Andersson-Sköld,et al.  Quick clay—A case study of chemical perspective in Southwest Sweden , 2005 .

[37]  C. Desai,et al.  Cyclic Testing and Modeling of Interfaces , 1985 .

[38]  Jian-Min Zhang,et al.  State of the art: Mechanical behavior of soil–structure interface , 2009 .

[39]  Hoe I. Ling,et al.  Constitutive modeling of soil-structure interface through the concept of critical state soil mechanics , 2006 .

[40]  Kazem Fakharian,et al.  EFFECT OF STRESS PATHS ON THE BEHAVIOUR OF SAND-STEEL INTERFACES , 1996 .

[41]  I. Littleton,et al.  An experimental study of the adhesion between clay and steel , 1976 .

[42]  G. G. Meyerhof,et al.  An investigation of the Bearing Capacity of Some Bored and Driven Piles in London Clay , 1953 .