The preventative analgesic effect of preincisional peritonsillar infiltration of two low doses of ketamine for postoperative pain relief in children following adenotonsillectomy. A randomized, double‐blind, placebo‐controlled study

Background:  In literature, the use of ketamine for the preventative analgesia in the management of postoperative pain is controversial. The purpose of the present study was the clinical assessment of the efficacy of preincisional peritonsillar infiltration of two doses of ketamine on postoperative pain relief compared with peritonsillar saline in children undergoing adenotonsillectomy.

[1]  B. Papaziogas,et al.  Preincisional intravenous low-dose ketamine and local infiltration with ropivacaine reduces postoperative pain after laparoscopic cholecystectomy , 2001, Surgical Endoscopy.

[2]  D. Preciado,et al.  The efficacy of intravenous or peritonsillar infiltration of ketamine for postoperative pain relief in children following adenotonsillectomy , 2007, Paediatric anaesthesia.

[3]  T. Karakan,et al.  Management of cervical esophageal strictures with self-expanding metalic stents. , 2006, The Turkish Journal of Gastroenterology.

[4]  K. Sugahara,et al.  Level of consciousness affects the excitability of spinal motor neurones during propofol sedation in humans. , 2006, British journal of anaesthesia.

[5]  J. O’Flaherty,et al.  Does ketamine or magnesium affect posttonsillectomy pain in children? , 2003, Paediatric anaesthesia.

[6]  A. Flahault,et al.  Effects of Postoperative, Nonsteroidal, Antiinflammatory Drugs on Bleeding Risk after Tonsillectomy Meta-analysis of Randomized, Controlled Trials , 2003, Anesthesiology.

[7]  J. Sawynok,et al.  Modulation of formalin-induced behaviors and edema by local and systemic administration of dextromethorphan, memantine and ketamine. , 2002, European journal of pharmacology.

[8]  H. Kehlet,et al.  A Qualitative and Quantitative Systematic Review of Preemptive Analgesia for Postoperative Pain Relief: The Role of Timing of Analgesia , 2002, Anesthesiology.

[9]  P. Schultz,et al.  Diclofenac or acetaminophen for analgesia in paediatric tonsillectomy outpatients , 2000, Acta anaesthesiologica Scandinavica.

[10]  J. Ræder,et al.  Lack of pre‐emptive analgesic effect of (R)‐ketamine in laparoscopic cholecystectomy , 1999, Acta anaesthesiologica Scandinavica.

[11]  M. Durieux,et al.  Ketamine: Teaching an Old Drug New Tricks , 1998, Anesthesia and analgesia.

[12]  H. Kehlet,et al.  Peripheral Analgesic Effects of Ketamine in Acute Inflammatory Pain , 1998, Anesthesiology.

[13]  A. Stubhaug,et al.  Local treatment with the N-methyl-d-aspartate receptor antagonist ketamine, inhibit development of secondary hyperalgesia in man by a peripheral action , 1997, Neuroscience Letters.

[14]  S. Molliex,et al.  Effect of pre‐ vs postoperative tonsillar infiltration with local anesthetics on postoperative pain after tonsillectomy , 1996, Acta anaesthesiologica Scandinavica.

[15]  I. Dashkovsky,et al.  Ketamine enhances local anesthetic and analgesic effects of bupivacaine by peripheral mechanism: a study in postoperative patients , 1996, Neuroscience Letters.

[16]  D. Price,et al.  Mechanisms of hyperalgesian and morphine tolerance: a current view of their possible interactions , 1995, Pain.

[17]  H. Chandrachud,et al.  Peritonsillar Infiltration with Bupivacaine for Paediatric Tonsillectomy , 1994, Anaesthesia and intensive care.

[18]  M. Mahowald,et al.  Postoperative respiratory compromise in children with obstructive sleep apnea syndrome: can it be anticipated? , 1994, Pediatrics.

[19]  D. L. Cay.  Midazolam-opioid combination and postoperative upper airway obstruction in children. , 1994, Anaesthesia and Intensive Care.

[20]  H. Schaible,et al.  N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) and non-NMDA receptor antagonists block the hyperexcitability of dorsal horn neurons during development of acute arthritis in rat's knee joint. , 1993, Journal of neurophysiology.

[21]  M. Chong,et al.  Preemptive Analgesia—Treating Postoperative Pain by Preventing the Establishment of Central Sensitization , 1993, Anesthesia and analgesia.

[22]  H. Kehlet,et al.  The value of pre-emptive analgesia in the treatment of postoperative pain. , 1993, British journal of anaesthesia.

[23]  Ronald Melzack,et al.  Contribution of central neuroplasticity to pathological pain: review of clinical and experimental evidence , 1993, Pain.

[24]  A. Dickenson,et al.  The combination of NMDA antagonism and morphine produces profound antinociception in the rat dorsal horn , 1992, Brain Research.