Digital modulation and coding for satellite optical feeder links

In this paper, a digital transmission scheme protected by a packet-level forward error correction (FEC) coding technique is proposed for optical feeder links in a satellite communication system. The architectures of the gateway and the satellite are defined, including the building blocks of the interface between the radio frequency (RF) front-end and the optical front-end, as well as the digital signal processor. The system is designed to cater for Terabit/s high-throughput satellite (HTS) applications. In addition, the turbulent atmospheric optical channel is modeled for different elevation setups and optical ground station (OGS) altitudes in untracked and tracked beam scenarios. The performance of the digital transmission scheme is evaluated in the forward and return link channels. It is shown that fade mitigation techniques such as packet-level FEC coding in the forward link, as well as beam tracking, and large-aperture OGS telescope in the return link are essential to close the link budget of a Terabit/s satellite transmission link.

[1]  S. Personick.  Receiver design for digital fiber optic communication systems, II , 1973 .

[2]  Dan Arbel,et al.  Performance limitation of laser satellite communication due to vibrations and atmospheric turbulence: down‐link scenario , 2003, Int. J. Satell. Commun. Netw..

[3]  K. Nugent,et al.  Phase retrieval with the transport-of-intensity equation: matrix solution with use of Zernike polynomials , 1995 .

[4]  Dirk Giggenbach,et al.  Optimierung der optischen Freiraumkommunikation durch die turbulente Atmosphäre - Focal Array Receiver , 2005 .

[5]  C. E. SHANNON,et al.  A mathematical theory of communication , 1948, MOCO.

[6]  Franco Maloberti.  Data Converters , 2007 .

[7]  R. Tyson,et al.  Adaptive optics and ground-to-space laser communications. , 1996, Applied optics.

[8]  Hennes Henniger.  Transmission Performance Analysis of Free-Space Optical Communications using Gilbert-Erasure Channel , 2012, IEEE Transactions on Communications.

[9]  Jae Hong Lee,et al.  Undetected error probabilities of binary primitive BCH codes for both error correction and detection , 1996, IEEE Trans. Commun..

[10]  Hennes Henniger,et al.  Fading-loss assessment in atmospheric free-space optical communication links with on-off keying , 2008 .

[11]  D. Fried.  Anisoplanatism in adaptive optics , 1982 .

[12]  Marco Chiani,et al.  Bounds on the Error Probability of Block Codes over the q-Ary Erasure Channel , 2013, IEEE Transactions on Communications.

[13]  R. Noll.  Zernike polynomials and atmospheric turbulence , 1976 .

[14]  G. Tyler.  Bandwidth considerations for tracking through turbulence , 1994 .

[15]  A. Prata,et al.  Algorithm for computation of Zernike polynomials expansion coefficients. , 1989, Applied optics.

[16]  James H. Churnside,et al.  Atmospheric propagation issues relevant to optical communications , 1988 .

[17]  J. W. Hardy,et al.  Active optics: A new technology for the control of light , 1978, Proceedings of the IEEE.

[18]  Z. Sodnik,et al.  Long-term statistics of laser beam propagation in an optical ground-to-geostationary satellite communications link , 2005, IEEE Transactions on Antennas and Propagation.

[19]  Guang-ming Dai,et al.  Modal wave-front reconstruction with Zernike polynomials and Karhunen–Loève functions , 1996 .

[20]  J. Ricklin,et al.  Free-space laser communications : principles and advances , 2008 .

[21]  Adolfo Comerón,et al.  Scintillation and beam-wander analysis in an optical ground station-satellite uplink. , 2004, Applied optics.

[22]  M. I. Hayee,et al.  NRZ versus RZ in 10-40-Gb/s dispersion-managed WDM transmission systems , 1999, IEEE Photonics Technology Letters.

[23]  Mohamed-Slim Alouini,et al.  Digital Communication Over Fading Channels: A Unified Approach to Performance Analysis , 2000 .

[24]  V. I. Tatarskii.  The effects of the turbulent atmosphere on wave propagation , 1971 .

[25]  M. Cagigal,et al.  Generalized Fried parameter after adaptive optics partial wave-front compensation , 2000, Journal of the Optical Society of America. A, Optics, image science, and vision.

[26]  Marco Chiani,et al.  Pivoting Algorithms for Maximum Likelihood Decoding of LDPC Codes over Erasure Channels , 2009, GLOBECOM 2009 - 2009 IEEE Global Telecommunications Conference.

[27]  Jia Li,et al.  Optical Communication Using Subcarrier PSK Intensity Modulation Through Atmospheric Turbulence Channels , 2007, IEEE Trans. Commun..

[28]  Ramon Mata Calvo,et al.  Optical transmission schemes for GEO feeder links , 2014, 2014 IEEE International Conference on Communications (ICC).

[29]  L. Andrews,et al.  Laser Beam Propagation Through Random Media , 1998 .

[30]  Hoon Kim,et al.  Experimental investigation of the performance limitation of DPSK systems due to nonlinear phase noise , 2003, IEEE Photonics Technology Letters.

[31]  Darryl P. Greenwood,et al.  Bandwidth specification for adaptive optics systems , 1977 .

[32]  Robert M. Gray,et al.  An Algorithm for Vector Quantizer Design , 1980, IEEE Trans. Commun..

[33]  Claude E. Shannon,et al.  A Mathematical Theory of Communications , 1948 .