Exploring the impact of trust information visualization on mobile application usage

Trust allows people to live in a risky and uncertain situation by providing the means to decrease complexity. It is the key to decision making and engaging in usage. Visualizing trust information could thus leverage usage behavior and decisions. This article explores the impact of trust information visualization on mobile application usage with a three-stage experiment conducted in both Finland and China (1) by studying users’ opinions on the importance of mobile applications, (2) by evaluating the impact of a trust indicator on mobile application usage, and (3) by evaluating the impact of a trust/reputation indicator on mobile application usage. Although the results achieved in this study for Finland and China showed small differences on usage willingness and remarkable difference on trust information check willingness, both countries indicated that visualizing the reputation value of an application and/or the individual trust value of a user can assist in mobile application usage with different importance rates. In addition, the article discusses possible reasons for the difference in impact in Finland and China, other impact factors related to mobile application usage, and implications of our experiments with regard to a trust management system for mobile applications.

[1]  Bonnie M. Muir,et al.  Trust Between Humans and Machines, and the Design of Decision Aids , 1987, Int. J. Man Mach. Stud..

[2]  Morris Sloman,et al.  A survey of trust in internet applications , 2000, IEEE Communications Surveys & Tutorials.

[3]  Zheng Yan,et al.  Trust Modeling and Management in Digital Environments: From Social Concept to System Development , 2010 .

[4]  Jens Riegelsberger,et al.  Trustbuilders and Trustbusters - The Role of Trust Cues in Interfaces to e-Commerce Applications , 2001, I3E.

[5]  Joanna Lumsden,et al.  How does personality affect trust in B2C e-commerce? , 2006, ICEC '06.

[6]  John Riedl,et al.  Explaining collaborative filtering recommendations , 2000, CSCW '00.

[7]  B. J. Fogg,et al.  What makes Web sites credible?: a report on a large quantitative study , 2001, CHI.

[8]  P. Briggs,et al.  Trust in Online Advice , 2002 .

[9]  Mary Czerwinski,et al.  Introduction: design and evaluation of notification user interfaces , 2003, Int. J. Hum. Comput. Stud..

[10]  Kun Chang Lee,et al.  Understanding factors affecting trust in and satisfaction with mobile banking in Korea: A modified DeLone and McLean's model perspective , 2009, Interact. Comput..

[11]  Elizabeth Sillence,et al.  A framework for understanding trust factors in web-based health advice , 2006, Int. J. Hum. Comput. Stud..

[12]  Alan Fox,et al.  Beyond Contract: Work, Power and Trust Relations , 1975 .

[13]  Victor A. Riley,et al.  Operator reliance on automation: Theory and data. , 1996 .

[14]  Jungwon Lee,et al.  What makes Internet users visit cyber stores again? key design factors for customer loyalty , 2000, CHI.

[15]  Susan Wiedenbeck,et al.  On-line trust: concepts, evolving themes, a model , 2003, Int. J. Hum. Comput. Stud..

[16]  Andrea Basso,et al.  First impressions: emotional and cognitive factors underlying judgments of trust e-commerce , 2001, EC '01.

[17]  Norman L. Chervany,et al.  Trust and Distrust Definitions: One Bite at a Time , 2000, Trust in Cyber-societies.

[18]  Shoshana Zuboff.  In the Age of the Smart Machine , 1988 .

[19]  Lora Aroyo,et al.  The effects of transparency on trust in and acceptance of a content-based art recommender , 2008, User Modeling and User-Adapted Interaction.

[20]  Jun Zheng,et al.  Trust without touch: jumpstarting long-distance trust with initial social activities , 2002, CHI.

[21]  Carl E. Landwehr,et al.  Basic concepts and taxonomy of dependable and secure computing , 2004, IEEE Transactions on Dependable and Secure Computing.

[22]  Jakob Nielsen,et al.  E-Commerce User Experience , 2001 .

[23]  Felix B. Tan,et al.  Online Consumer Trust: A Multi-Dimensional Model , 2004, J. Electron. Commer. Organ..

[24]  Fred D. Davis,et al.  A Theoretical Extension of the Technology Acceptance Model: Four Longitudinal Field Studies , 2000, Management Science.

[25]  Bonnie M. Muir,et al.  Trust in automation. I: Theoretical issues in the study of trust and human intervention in automated systems , 1994 .

[26]  James A. Narus,et al.  A Model of Distributor Firm and Manufacturer Firm Working Partnerships , 1990 .

[27]  Charles J. Kacmar,et al.  Developing and Validating Trust Measures for e-Commerce: An Integrative Typology , 2002, Inf. Syst. Res..

[28]  Valtteri Niemi,et al.  A Methodology towards Usable Trust Management , 2009, ATC.

[29]  Zhaoyu Liu,et al.  A dynamic trust model for mobile ad hoc networks , 2004, Proceedings. 10th IEEE International Workshop on Future Trends of Distributed Computing Systems, 2004. FTDCS 2004..

[30]  N Moray,et al.  Trust, control strategies and allocation of function in human-machine systems. , 1992, Ergonomics.

[31]  M. Schweitzer,et al.  Feeling and believing: the influence of emotion on trust. , 2003, Journal of personality and social psychology.

[32]  I. Ajzen,et al.  Belief, Attitude, Intention, and Behavior: An Introduction to Theory and Research , 1977 .

[33]  Robert H. Deng,et al.  TruBeRepec: a trust-behavior-based reputation and recommender system for mobile applications , 2011, Personal and Ubiquitous Computing.

[34]  Gerald L. Lohse,et al.  Electronic shopping , 1998, CACM.

[35]  Jens Riegelsberger,et al.  Do people trust their eyes more than ears?: media bias in detecting cues of expertise , 2005, CHI EA '05.

[36]  Shoshana Zuboff,et al.  In the Age of the Smart Machine: The Future of Work and Power , 1989 .

[37]  Lik Mui,et al.  Computational models of trust and reputation: agents, evolutionary games, and social networks , 2002 .

[38]  John Zimmerman,et al.  Exposing profiles to build trust in a recommender , 2002, CHI Extended Abstracts.

[39]  Henry H. Emurian,et al.  An overview of online trust: Concepts, elements, and implications , 2005, Comput. Hum. Behav..

[40]  Jinwoo Kim,et al.  Designing towards emotional usability in customer interfaces trustworthiness of cyber-banking system interfaces , 1998, Interact. Comput..

[41]  N. Moray,et al.  Trust in automation. Part II. Experimental studies of trust and human intervention in a process control simulation. , 1996, Ergonomics.

[42]  Yolanda Gil,et al.  A survey of trust in computer science and the Semantic Web , 2007, J. Web Semant..

[43]  M. Baba,et al.  Technology management and american culture: Implications for business process redesign , 1996 .

[44]  T. Yamagishi,et al.  Trust and commitment in the United States and Japan , 1994 .

[45]  Zheng Yan,et al.  Trust management for mobile computing platforms , 2007 .

[46]  Anol Bhattacherjee,et al.  Individual Trust in Online Firms: Scale Development and Initial Test , 2002, J. Manag. Inf. Syst..

[47]  Dorothy E. Denning,et al.  A new paradigm for trusted systems , 1993, NSPW '92-93.

[48]  B. J. Fogg,et al.  Web credibility research: a method for online experiments and early study results , 2001, CHI Extended Abstracts.

[49]  Justine Cassell,et al.  Relational agents: a model and implementation of building user trust , 2001, CHI.

[50]  Li Chen,et al.  Trust-inspiring explanation interfaces for recommender systems , 2007, Knowl. Based Syst..

[51]  M. Deutsch.  The Resolution of ConflictConstructive and Destructive Processes , 1974 .

[52]  Blair H. Sheppard,et al.  THEORY OF REASONED ACTION , 2014 .

[53]  Jens Riegelsberger,et al.  The mechanics of trust: A framework for research and design , 2005, Int. J. Hum. Comput. Stud..

[54]  Alexander De Luca,et al.  Visualization of uncertainty in context aware mobile applications , 2006, Mobile HCI.

[55]  M. Deutsch,et al.  Trust, trustworthiness, and the F scale. , 1960, Journal of abnormal and social psychology.

[56]  Heike Schaumburg,et al.  A picture says more than a thousand words: photographs as trust builders in e-commerce websites , 2002, CHI Extended Abstracts.

[57]  B. J. Fogg,et al.  Persuasive technology: using computers to change what we think and do , 2002, UBIQ.

[58]  Bernt Schiele,et al.  Towards improving trust in context-aware systems by displaying system confidence , 2005, Mobile HCI.

[59]  Kristiina Karvonen,et al.  Designing trust for a universal audience: a multicultural study on the formation of trust in the Internet in the Nordic Countries , 2001, HCI.

[60]  Stuart E. Schechter,et al.  The Emperor's New Security Indicators , 2007, 2007 IEEE Symposium on Security and Privacy (SP '07).

[61]  Claudia Keser,et al.  Trust, the Internet, and the digital divide , 2003, IBM Syst. J..

[62]  Florian N. Egger,et al.  What makes people trust online gambling sites? , 2002, CHI Extended Abstracts.

[63]  Zheng Yan,et al.  Trust Modeling and Management: From Social Trust to Digital Trust , 2008 .

[64]  Rong Yan,et al.  Formalizing Trust Based on Usage Behaviours for Mobile Applications , 2009, ATC.

[65]  Jens Riegelsberger,et al.  Interpersonal cues and consumer trust in e-commerce , 2003, CHI Extended Abstracts.

[66]  Valtteri Niemi,et al.  Exploring Trust of Mobile Applications Based on User Behaviors , 2009, INTRUST.

[67]  Arik Ragowsky,et al.  Establishing Trust in Electronic Commerce Through Online Word of Mouth: An Examination Across Genders , 2008, J. Manag. Inf. Syst..