Saliva testosterone and criminal violence among women

Free testosterone concentrations were measured in the saliva of 84 female inmates and 15 female college students. Testosterone differed among inmates convicted of unprovoked violence, defensive violence, theft, drugs, and a set of other crimes. It was highest with unprovoked violence and lowest with defensive violence, where inmates had reacted violently after being physically assaulted. Testosterone was also related to number of prior charges and to Parole Board decisions about length of time to serve before being released on parole. Mean testosterone levels were similar for inmates and college students.

[1]  D. Broverman,et al.  Reply to the "comment" by Singer and Montgomery on "Roles of Activation and Inhibition in Sex Differences in Cognitive Abilities". , 1969, Psychological review.

[2]  L. Rogers,et al.  Testosterone, Search Behaviour and Persistence , 1972, Nature.

[3]  L. Kuller,et al.  The epidemiology of plasma testosterone levels in middle-aged men. , 1981, American journal of epidemiology.

[4]  D. Baucom,et al.  Relation between testosterone concentration, sex role identity, and personality among females. , 1985, Journal of personality and social psychology.

[5]  R. Rose,et al.  Assessment of Aggressive Behavior and Plasma Testosterone in a Young Criminal Population , 1972, Psychosomatic medicine.

[6]  L. Koopmans,et al.  Androstenedione, testosterone, and free testosterone concentration in women of various occupations. , 1979, Social biology.

[7]  J. Vittek,et al.  Direct radioimmunoassay (RIA) of salivary testosterone: correlation with free and total serum testosterone. , 1985, Life sciences.

[8]  D. Olweus.  Testosterone in the Development of Aggressive Antisocial Behavior in Adolescents , 1983 .

[9]  A. Vermeulen,et al.  Some studies on the biological significance of free testosterone. , 1972, Journal of steroid biochemistry.

[10]  M. Sheard,et al.  Plasma Testosterone: Correlation with Aggressive Behavior and Social Dominance in Man , 1974, Psychosomatic medicine.

[11]  Allan Mazur,et al.  A Biosocial Model of Status in Face-to-Face Primate Groups , 1985 .

[12]  D. Broverman,et al.  Roles of the gonadal steroid hormones in psychiatric depression in men and women , 1978 .

[13]  P. Bishop.  Male Sex Hormones , 1960, British medical journal.

[14]  R. L. Frady,et al.  Saliva testosterone and criminal violence in young adult prison inmates. , 1987, Psychosomatic medicine.

[15]  Theodore A. Lamb,et al.  Testosterone, status, and mood in human males , 1980, Hormones and Behavior.

[16]  N. M. Morris,et al.  Marital sex frequency and midcycle female testosterone , 1987, Archives of sexual behavior.

[17]  R. Rose,et al.  Behavioral and environmental events influencing primate testosterone levels , 1974 .

[18]  M. Zuckerman,et al.  Disinhibitory sensation seeking, personality and gonadal hormones , 1980 .

[19]  B. Sherwin,et al.  Androgen enhances sexual motivation in females: a prospective, crossover study of sex steroid administration in the surgical menopause. , 1985, Psychosomatic medicine.

[20]  W. Miller,et al.  Plasma testosterone level and sexual behavior of couples , 1978, Archives of sexual behavior.

[21]  J. Archer.  Testosterone and persistence in mice , 1977, Animal Behaviour.

[22]  M. Alexander,et al.  Principles of Neural Science , 1981 .

[23]  D. Hellhammer,et al.  Changes in saliva testosterone after psychological stimulation in men , 1985, Psychoneuroendocrinology.

[24]  Michael Elias.  Serum cortisol, testosterone, and testosterone-binding globulin responses to competitive fighting in human males. , 1981 .