Rapid Diversification of Cell Signaling Phenotypes by Modular Domain Recombination

Domain Swaps to Phenotype Shifts For natural selection there must be mechanisms that create phenotypic diversity, presumably from relatively simple molecular changes in an organism. Peisajovich et al. (p. 368) tested the extent to which changes in phenotype can occur by systematic swapping of protein domains in the components of the biochemical signaling pathway that controls mating in yeast. Such changes decreased or increased responsiveness to yeast mating pheromone, and some translated into changes in mating efficiency. The authors propose that shuffling of modular protein domains may be an important source of phenotypic diversity in evolution and may also be a useful strategy for the engineering of biological systems. Systematic swapping of modular protein domains verifies a mechanism for generation of phenotypic diversity in yeast. Cell signaling proteins are often modular, containing distinct catalytic and regulatory domains. Recombination of such biological modules has been proposed to be a major source of evolutionary innovation. We systematically analyzed the phenotypic diversity of a signaling response that results from domain recombination by using 11 proteins in the yeast mating pathway to construct a library of 66 chimeric domain recombinants. Domain recombination resulted in greater diversity in pathway response dynamics than did duplication of genes, of single domains, or of two unlinked domains. Domain recombination also led to changes in mating phenotype, including recombinants with increased mating efficiency over the wild type. Thus, novel linkages between preexisting domains may have a major role in the evolution of protein networks and novel phenotypic behaviors.

[1]  G. Sprague,,et al.  Assay of yeast mating reaction. , 1991, Methods in enzymology.

[2]  I. Herskowitz,et al.  Signal transduction during pheromone response in yeast. , 1991, Annual review of cell biology.

[3]  T. Pawson,et al.  Assembly of Cell Regulatory Systems Through Protein Interaction Domains , 2003, Science.

[4]  J. Ashby References and Notes , 1999 .

[5]  W. Lim,et al.  Reprogramming Control of an Allosteric Signaling Switch Through Modular Recombination , 2003, Science.

[6]  C. Chothia,et al.  Evolution of the Protein Repertoire , 2003, Science.

[7]  S. Carroll,et al.  Emerging principles of regulatory evolution , 2007, Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences.

[8]  C. Chothia,et al.  Structure, function and evolution of multidomain proteins. , 2004, Current opinion in structural biology.

[9]  Christopher A. Voigt,et al.  Protein building blocks preserved by recombination , 2002, Nature Structural Biology.

[10]  A. Force,et al.  The probability of duplicate gene preservation by subfunctionalization. , 2000, Genetics.

[11]  T. Pawson,et al.  Oncogenic re-wiring of cellular signaling pathways , 2007, Oncogene.

[12]  Tony Pawson,et al.  Redirecting tyrosine kinase signaling to an apoptotic caspase pathway through chimeric adaptor proteins , 2003, Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America.

[13]  S. Carroll,et al.  Evolution at Two Levels: On Genes and Form , 2005, PLoS biology.

[14]  C. Bashor,et al.  References and Notes Supporting Online Material Using Engineered Scaffold Interactions to Reshape Map Kinase Pathway Signaling Dynamics , 2022 .

[15]  Lee T. Sam,et al.  Transcriptome Sequencing to Detect Gene Fusions in Cancer , 2009, Nature.

[16]  J. Thorner,et al.  Regulation of G protein-initiated signal transduction in yeast: paradigms and principles. , 2001, Annual review of biochemistry.

[17]  E. Koonin,et al.  Selection in the evolution of gene duplications , 2002, Genome Biology.

[18]  T. Hughes,et al.  Role of scaffolds in MAP kinase pathway specificity revealed by custom design of pathway-dedicated signaling proteins , 2001, Current Biology.

[19]  Gustav Ammerer,et al.  FAR1 links the signal transduction pathway to the cell cycle machinery in yeast , 1993, Cell.

[20]  C. Chothia,et al.  The generation of new protein functions by the combination of domains. , 2007, Structure.

[21]  W. Lim,et al.  Rewiring cellular morphology pathways with synthetic guanine nucleotide exchange factors , 2007, Nature.

[22]  P. Pryciak,et al.  Membrane recruitment of the kinase cascade scaffold protein Ste5 by the Gbetagamma complex underlies activation of the yeast pheromone response pathway. , 1998, Genes & development.

[23]  L. Bardwell A walk-through of the yeast mating pheromone response pathway , 2004, Peptides.

[24]  M. King,et al.  Evolution at two levels in humans and chimpanzees. , 1975, Science.

[25]  D. Hartl,et al.  Formation and Longevity of Chimeric and Duplicate Genes in Drosophila melanogaster , 2009, Genetics.

[26]  J. Gerhart,et al.  The theory of facilitated variation , 2007, Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences.

[27]  P. Pryciak,et al.  Membrane Localization of Scaffold Proteins Promotes Graded Signaling in the Yeast MAP Kinase Cascade , 2008, Current Biology.