Authentication of Digital Images by using a semi-Fragile Watermarking Technique

Watermarking techniques which are fragile to intentional modifications while robust to incidental or unintentional manipulations are referred to as Semi-fragile. This paper proposes a semi-fragile watermarking technique which embeds watermark signal into the host image in order to authenticate it. The watermark is designed so that the integrity is proven if the content of the image has not been altered and under some mild processing on the image. The watermark is generated as a binary pattern from the feature of the host image and is embedded in the high frequency sub band in the wavelet domain. Peak Signal to Noise Ratio (PSNR) and Similarity Ratio (SR) are computed to measure image quality. Simulation results show that this technique still preserves high image quality after the embedding process and is robust against some of the incidental image processing operations while indicating the forgery if the image is heavily processed. Keywords— semi-Fragile, Digital watermarking, Arnold transform, Image Authentication, Content based watermarking.

[1]  X G Xia,et al.  Wavelet transform based watermark for digital images. , 1998, Optics express.

[2]  Shih-Fu Chang,et al.  Semifragile watermarking for authenticating JPEG visual content , 2000, Electronic Imaging.

[3]  Edward J. Delp,et al.  Digital watermarking: algorithms and applications , 2001, IEEE Signal Process. Mag..

[4]  Chin-Chen Chang,et al.  Secure discrete-cosine-transform-based technique for recoverable tamper proofing , 2001 .

[5]  Jana Dittmann.  Content-fragile watermarking for image authentication , 2001, IS&T/SPIE Electronic Imaging.

[6]  A. Murat Tekalp,et al.  Hierarchical watermarking for secure image authentication with localization , 2002, IEEE Trans. Image Process..

[7]  Ali N. Akansu,et al.  A robust protocol for proving ownership of multimedia content , 2004, IEEE Transactions on Multimedia.

[8]  Xiang Zhou,et al.  A semifragile watermark scheme for image authentication , 2004, 10th International Multimedia Modelling Conference, 2004. Proceedings..

[9]  Chang-Tsun Li,et al.  Semi-fragile watermarking scheme for authentication of JPEG images , 2004, International Conference on Information Technology: Coding and Computing, 2004. Proceedings. ITCC 2004..

[10]  Bülent Sankur,et al.  Comparative evaluation of semifragile watermarking algorithms , 2004, J. Electronic Imaging.

[11]  Decai Huang,et al.  An Integer Wavelet Based Multiple Logo-watermarking Scheme , 2006, First International Multi-Symposiums on Computer and Computational Sciences (IMSCCS'06).

[12]  Subhash C. Kak,et al.  An Improved Method of Content Based Image Watermarking , 2007, IEEE Transactions on Broadcasting.

[13]  Ying Wang,et al.  A Semi-fragile Watermarking Tolerant of Laplacian Sharpening , 2008, 2008 International Conference on Computer Science and Software Engineering.

[14]  Hongmei Liu,et al.  Feature based watermarking scheme for image authentication , 2008, 2008 IEEE International Conference on Multimedia and Expo.

[15]  V. Prasad,et al.  Robust Digital Watermarking of Color Images under Noise attacks , 2009 .

[16]  Qiwei Lin,et al.  DWT based on watermarking algorithm and its implementing with DSP , 2009, 2009 3rd International Conference on Anti-counterfeiting, Security, and Identification in Communication.