Reliability based design of water distribution networks using multi-objective genetic algorithms

This paper outlines a multi-objective genetic algorithm methodology for the design of a water distribution network. In order to obtain the Pareto-front, the objectives: minimization of network cost and maximization of a reliability measure are considered. A new reliability measure, called network resilience, is introduced. This measure tries to provide (i) surplus head above the minimum allowable head at nodes and (ii) reliable loops with practicable pipe diameters. A set of Pareto-optimal solutions is obtained in the search space of cost and network resilience. Genetic algorithms are observed to be poor in handling constraints. To handle constraints in a better way, a constraint handling technique that does not require a penalty coefficient and applicable to water distribution systems is presented. The present model is applied to two example problems, which were widely reported. Comparison of the results has revealed that the network resilience based approach gave better results.

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