Role of Extracellular Adenosine Triphosphate in Human Skin

SommaireAntècédentsL’adénosine triphosphate (ATP) est un nucléotide impliqué dans un grand nombre de processus intracellulaires. L’ATP extracellulaire et son métabolite produisent divers effets sur presque chaque type de cellule de la peau humaine. La connaissance des sources et des effets de l’ATP extracellulaire dans la peau humaine pourra aider à ouvrir la voie à de nouvelles thérapies des lésions cutanées, des inflammations et de nombreux autres troubles.ObjectifsPrésenter au lecteur les connaissances actuelles portant sur les sources et les effets de l’ATP extracellulaire dans la peau humaine et cerner les domaines où une recherche plus poussée est nécessaire afin de clarifier la nature et les mécanismes de ces effets.ConclusionL’ATP extracellulaire semble jouer un rôle direct dans le déclenchement des réponses inflammatoires, régénératrices et fibreuses de la peau à la suite d’un traumatisme, un rôle indirect dans la prolifération et l’apoptose des mélanocytes, et un rôle complexe dans l’immunité adaptative en présence des cellules de Langerhans.AbstractBackgroundThe nucleotide adenosine triphosphate (ATP) has long been known to drive and participate in countless intracellular processes. Extracellular ATP and its metabolite adenosine have also been shown to exert a variety of effects on nearly every cell type in human skin. Knowledge of the sources and effects of extracellular ATP in human skin may help shape new therapies for skin injury, inflammation, and numerous other cutaneous disorders.ObjectiveThe objective of this review is to introduce the reader to current knowledge regarding the sources and effects of extracellular ATP in human skin and to outline areas in which further research is necessary to clarify the nature and mechanism of these effects.ConclusionExtracellular ATP seems to play a direct role in triggering skin inflammatory, regenerative, and fibrotic responses to mechanical injury, an indirect role in melanocyte proliferation and apoptosis, and a complex role in Langerhans cell-directed adaptive immunity.

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