A Priority-Based Multistage PMU Installation Approach for Direct Observability of All Network Buses

The highly precise synchrophasor measurements obtained from the phasor measurement unit (PMU) are important for an effective implementation of a wide-area monitoring, protection, control, and self-healing (WAMPCAS) power system. The overall performance of the WAMPCAS power system can be improved if the PMUs are installed at all the buses in a transmission network. However, the multistage PMU installation is obligatory as PMU installation at all network buses is a matter of large-scale investment. Priority should be given to the important buses during the initial and intermediate stages to obtain relatively better observability. The optimal PMU installation (OPI) should be determined at the preliminary stage to measure the voltage phasors of all buses with the least number of PMUs. To evaluate the OPI problem, an improved binary shuffled frog leaping algorithm (IBSFLA) was proposed for the IEEE 118-bus test system. To enhance the overall performance of the IBSFLA and to obtain possible multiple optimal solutions (MOSs), an improved initialization and similarity-checking assessment were developed. A bus-observability maximization was mathematically modeled to select the best solution from MOSs, and the efficacy of the proposed algorithm was verified by comparing its performance with other algorithms.

[1]  Jianfeng Guo,et al.  Multi-objective optimal PMU placement using a non-dominated sorting differential evolution algorithm , 2010 .

[2]  Abdur Raheem,et al.  Implementation of low cost non-DFT based Phasor Measurement Unit for 50 Hz power system , 2016, 2016 International Conference on Computing, Electronic and Electrical Engineering (ICE Cube).

[3]  Ranjana Sodhi,et al.  Phasor measurement unit placement framework for enhanced wide-area situational awareness , 2015 .

[4]  L.C.P. da Silva,et al.  Dynamic VAr sources scheduling for improving voltage stability margin , 2003 .

[5]  Innocent Kamwa,et al.  Local and Wide-Area PMU-Based Decentralized Dynamic State Estimation in Multi-Machine Power Systems , 2016, IEEE Transactions on Power Systems.

[6]  Arun G. Phadke,et al.  Synchronized Phasor Measurements and Their Applications , 2008 .

[7]  Renke Huang,et al.  A Predictive Generator Out-of-Step Protection and Transient Stability Monitoring Scheme Enabled by a Distributed Dynamic State Estimator , 2016, IEEE Transactions on Power Delivery.

[8]  C. Singh,et al.  Assessment of Available Transfer Capability and Margins , 2002, IEEE Power Engineering Review.

[9]  S. C. Srivastava,et al.  Multi-criteria decision-making approach for multistage optimal placement of phasor measurement units , 2011 .

[10]  Matthew Ruschmann,et al.  Data-Availability-Constrained Placement of PMUs and Communication Links in a Power System , 2014, IEEE Systems Journal.

[11]  Abbas Rabiee,et al.  Voltage security constrained multi-period optimal reactive power flow using benders and optimality condition decompositions , 2013, IEEE Transactions on Power Systems.

[12]  Heresh Seyedi,et al.  Optimal PMU placement for power system observability using BICA, considering measurement redundancy , 2013 .

[13]  S. A. Eroshenko,et al.  PMU-based informational support of power system control tasks , 2014 .

[14]  Muzaffar Eusuff,et al.  Shuffled frog-leaping algorithm: a memetic meta-heuristic for discrete optimization , 2006 .

[15]  Rafael Nilson Rodrigues,et al.  A low cost prototype of a Phasor Measurement Unit using Digital Signal Processor , 2016, 2016 IEEE Biennial Congress of Argentina (ARGENCON).

[16]  A. Srivastava,et al.  Optimal PMU placement for complete power system observability using Binary Cat Swarm Optimization , 2015, 2015 International Conference on Energy Economics and Environment (ICEEE).

[17]  George Pavlou,et al.  Cost-Efficient Low Latency Communication Infrastructure for Synchrophasor Applications in Smart Grids , 2018, IEEE Systems Journal.

[18]  Gert Rietveld,et al.  Measurement Infrastructure to Support the Reliable Operation of Smart Electrical Grids , 2015, IEEE Transactions on Instrumentation and Measurement.

[19]  Stephen J. Wright,et al.  PMU Placement for Line Outage Identification via Multinomial Logistic Regression , 2018, IEEE Transactions on Smart Grid.

[20]  Mohamad Musavi,et al.  Synchrophasor-Based Monitoring of Critical Generator Buses for Transient Stability , 2016, IEEE Transactions on Power Systems.

[21]  Dusmanta Kumar Mohanta,et al.  Transmission line fault detection and localisation methodology using PMU measurements , 2015 .

[22]  Seyed Abbas Taher,et al.  Optimal PMU location in power systems using MICA , 2016 .

[23]  Bijaya K. Panigrahi,et al.  A New Wide-Area Backup Protection Scheme for Series-Compensated Transmission System , 2017, IEEE Systems Journal.

[24]  Stephen McArthur,et al.  Online conditional anomaly detection in multivariate data for transformer monitoring , 2011 .

[25]  Vahid Madani,et al.  Wide-Area Monitoring, Protection, and Control of Future Electric Power Networks , 2011, Proceedings of the IEEE.

[26]  Francisco Jurado,et al.  A binary SFLA for probabilistic three-phase load flow in unbalanced distribution systems with technical constraints , 2013 .

[27]  M. Tarafdar Haque,et al.  Available transfer capability calculation with transfer based static security-constrained optimal power flow , 2006 .

[28]  Kit Po Wong,et al.  Optimal PMU placement considering state estimation uncertainty and voltage controllability , 2017 .

[29]  Jin Xu,et al.  Optimal Multistage PMU Placement for Wide-Area Monitoring , 2013, IEEE Transactions on Power Systems.

[30]  Jamshid Aghaei,et al.  Probabilistic PMU Placement in Electric Power Networks: An MILP-Based Multiobjective Model , 2015, IEEE Transactions on Industrial Informatics.

[31]  Gexiang Zhang,et al.  Power System Real-Time Monitoring by Using PMU-Based Robust State Estimation Method , 2016, IEEE Transactions on Smart Grid.

[32]  Malihe M. Farsangi,et al.  Solving unit commitment problem by a binary shuffled frog leaping algorithm , 2014 .

[33]  D. Hill,et al.  Voltage stability indices for stressed power systems , 1993 .

[34]  Hao Zhu,et al.  Effects of Phasor Measurement Uncertainty on Power Line Outage Detection , 2014, IEEE Journal of Selected Topics in Signal Processing.

[35]  Zheng Jing,et al.  Time-frequency analysis for power transformer fault detection using vibration method , 2014, 2014 9th IEEE Conference on Industrial Electronics and Applications.

[36]  David J. Hill,et al.  Voltage Support for Critical Buses with Consensus Control of Electric Springs in Distribution Systems , 2015 .

[37]  Qian Ai,et al.  Optimal PMU placement considering topology constraints , 2015 .