Common-mode noise reduction in an atomic spin gyroscope using optical differential detection.

Optical rotation of linearly polarized light is used to measure atom spin precession in an atomic spin gyroscope (ASG). However, the common-mode noise in the polarization measurement seriously affects the performance of the sensitive ASG. Here we propose an optical differential detection method based on the photoelastic polarization modulation, which could effectively eliminate the light power fluctuation of the laser source and optical elements, while removing the polarization noise and the residual birefringence. The feasibility and efficiency of this method have been verified experimentally. The rotation sensitivity of the ASG is an order of magnitude better, and the long-time stability is significantly improved. In addition, this method is easier to implement because noise sources do not need to be strictly distinguished.

[1]  T. Gustavson,et al.  Precision Rotation Measurements with an Atom Interferometer Gyroscope , 1997 .

[2]  F. Song,et al.  Precise measurement of optical phase retardation of a wave plate using modulated-polarized light. , 2010, Applied optics.

[3]  R. Azzam,et al.  Ellipsometry and polarized light : North Holland, Amsterdam, 1987 (ISBN 0-444-87016-4). xvii + 539 pp. Price Dfl. 75.00. , 1987 .

[4]  G. Schmidt,et al.  Inertial sensor technology trends , 2001 .

[5]  M. Kasevich,et al.  Testing general relativity with atom interferometry. , 2006, Physical review letters.

[6]  Karl Ulrich Schreiber,et al.  Invited review article: Large ring lasers for rotation sensing. , 2013, The Review of scientific instruments.

[7]  Jiancheng Fang,et al.  Rotation sensing using a K-Rb- Ne 21 comagnetometer , 2016 .

[8]  Jiancheng Fang,et al.  Low frequency magnetic field suppression in an atomic spin co-magnetometer with a large electron magnetic field , 2016 .

[9]  C. Vagionas,et al.  WDM-Enabled Optical RAM at 5 Gb/s Using a Monolithic InP Flip-Flop Chip , 2016, IEEE Photonics Journal.

[10]  Jiancheng Fang,et al.  Light intensity stabilization based on the second harmonic of the photoelastic modulator detection in the atomic magnetometer. , 2015, Optics express.

[11]  Baoliang Wang,et al.  Basic optical properties of the photoelastic modulator part II: residual birefringence in the optical element , 2009, Optical Engineering + Applications.

[12]  M. Romalis,et al.  New test of local Lorentz invariance using a 21Ne-Rb-K comagnetometer. , 2011, Physical review letters.

[13]  Wei-Chung Wang,et al.  Photoelastic investigation on thermal stresses in bonded structures , 2002, International Conference on Experimental Mechanics.

[14]  Masroor Ikram,et al.  Optical measurements of angle and axis of rotation. , 2008, Optics letters.

[15]  M. Romalis,et al.  Nuclear spin gyroscope based on an atomic comagnetometer. , 2005, Physical review letters.

[16]  Caterina Ciminelli,et al.  A High- $Q$ InP Resonant Angular Velocity Sensor for a Monolithically Integrated Optical Gyroscope , 2016, IEEE Photonics Journal.

[17]  Michael V. Romalis,et al.  Unshielded three-axis vector operation of a spin-exchange-relaxation-free atomic magnetometer , 2004 .

[18]  P. Franks,et al.  The Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Gyroscope: a Review , 1987, Journal of Navigation.

[19]  Jiancheng Fang,et al.  Spin-exchange relaxation-free magnetic gradiometer with dual-beam and closed-loop Faraday modulation , 2014 .

[20]  M. Romalis,et al.  High-sensitivity atomic magnetometer unaffected by spin-exchange relaxation. , 2002, Physical review letters.

[21]  Mykhaylo Lobur,et al.  Overview and analysis of readout circuits for capacitive sensing in MEMS gyroscopes (MEMS angular velocity sensors) , 2009, 2009 5th International Conference on Perspective Technologies and Methods in MEMS Design.

[22]  A. Weis,et al.  Quantitative interpretation of the nonlinear Faraday effect as a Hanle effect of a light-induced birefringence , 1993 .

[23]  Paolo Vavassori,et al.  Polarization modulation technique for magneto-optical quantitative vector magnetometry , 2000 .

[24]  Jiancheng Fang,et al.  Inertial rotation measurement with atomic spins: From angular momentum conservation to quantum phase theory , 2016 .

[25]  Kai Liu,et al.  The development of micro-gyroscope technology , 2009 .

[26]  Thierry Verbiest,et al.  Photoelastic modulator non-idealities in magneto-optical polarization measurements , 2013, Optics & Photonics - Optical Engineering + Applications.

[27]  Aijun Zeng,et al.  Simultaneous measurement of retardance and fast axis angle of a quarter-wave plate using one photoelastic modulator. , 2011, Applied optics.

[28]  F. Ayazi,et al.  Resonant pitch and roll silicon gyroscopes with sub-micron-gap slanted electrodes: Breaking the barrier toward high-performance monolithic inertial measurement units , 2017, Microsystems & Nanoengineering.

[29]  Mark P. Silverman,et al.  Wave propagation through a medium with static and dynamic birefringence: theory of the photoelastic modulator , 1990 .

[30]  S.J. Sanders,et al.  Fiber optic gyro technology trends - a Honeywell perspective , 2002, 2002 15th Optical Fiber Sensors Conference Technical Digest. OFS 2002(Cat. No.02EX533).