Optimization of microstrip patch antenna using Genetic Algorithm method

Single patch antennas were investigated by many researchers. To change the resonance frequency slots are added to the patch. In this paper we utilized Genetic Algorithm (GA) linked with Finite Difference Time Domain (FDTD) to optimize single patch for wide bandwidth. The patch surface was divided into a number of cells. At each iteration of GA, some specified randomly selected cells were cut and the influence on the bandwidth was checked. This procedure was performed until a good bandwidth was obtained. Both single patch antennas and patch with parasitic elements were used and the return loss bandwidth was improved.