Shumei Man Transmigration Across an in Vitro Blood-Brain Barrier CXCL 12-Induced Monocyte-Endothelial Interactions Promote Lymphocyte

brain. inflamed tissues and should spur progress for identifying the best targets for blocking harmful inflammation in the opens up new vistas for understanding how white blood cells and vessel wall endothelial cells ''talk'' to each other in empowered these cells to assist other white blood cells such as T and B cells to cross the BBB. This surprising result type, monocytes, showed altered CXCR4 expression. CXCR4 appeared to deliver signals to monocytes, which they added the triggering molecule for CXCR4 to their in vitro system, unexpectedly, they found that only one cell BBB. They studied a chemokine receptor termed CXCR4, which is expressed on almost all white blood cells. When establish how chemokine receptor expression by white blood cells would alter as the cells transmigrated across the transmigrated across the BBB-like endothelial layer into the lower chamber of the device. The researchers wanted to in brain capillaries. Some white blood cells flowed across the layer and out of the device, whereas others chamber. Then, they allowed human white blood cells to flow across the layer at a flow rate approximating that found First, the authors coaxed a special type of human endothelial cell to form a BBB-like layer in a dual perfusion transmigration of white blood cells across a human BBB-like endothelial cell layer. barrier (BBB). They use this elegant model to study how chemokine receptors influence and are influenced by the colleagues have devised an in vitro model of a specialized vessel wall of the human brain termed the blood-brain tissue, and they change as white blood cells transmigrate across different vessel walls. In a new study, Man and inflammation. Chemokine receptors are molecules on white blood cell surfaces that receive signals to guide cells into white blood cells transmigrate), it is important to identify those molecules that are most directly involved in harmful blood vessels and into tissues. Because there are 100 or so such molecules (used selectively when specific types of (chemokine receptors and their chemokine ligands; adhesion molecules) of white blood cell transmigration out of the apparently healthy uninfected tissues and cause injury. Recent research has identified the molecular regulators human diseases such as rheumatoid arthritis, multiple sclerosis, psoriasis, or type 1 diabetes, white blood cells invade migrate into inflamed tissues to defend the host against microbes or to repair damaged tissue. However, in many White blood cells traffic ceaselessly throughout the body, using blood vessels as their conduits. They also Going with the Flow