Ellipse Fitting Using Orthogonal Hyperbolae and Stirling's Oval

Two methods for approximating the normal distance to an ellipse using (a) its orthogonal hyperbolae and (b) Stirling's oval are described. Analysis with a set of quantitative measures shows that the former provides an accurate approximation with few irregularities or biases. Its suitability is evaluated by comparing several approximations as error of fit functions and applying them to ellipse fitting.