Fluid Bulk Modulus: A Literature Survey

Abstract Fluid bulk modulus is a fluid property that has been studied extensively over the past years. The numerical value of this property depends on the operating conditions, the amount of entrained air, and the way compression is applied and to some extent, the mathematical form it is defined. However, some confusion over what is the most appropriate value to use in simulation and design studies exists. Many significant studies on experimental techniques to measure this property have been proposed but in some instances the actual operating conditions are not well defined or assume a form which may not be consistent with the actual operating conditions. The objective of this paper is to first define some of the more common definitions of bulk modulus and then present a summary of the literature that is based on fluid bulk modulus. Where appropriate, some comments on some of the confusion over definitions will be expanded upon. The pressure and temperature range over which these bulk modulus measurements can be made is dependent on the design of the test apparatus. But generally the pressure range is from the atmospheric pressure to 690 MPa and the temperature range is from—40 to 270 °C. A companion paper will present a comparison of some of the models that have come out of this literature review.