Millimetre wave subharmonic mixer based on graphene

An eighth order subharmonically pumped mixer for the implementation of a millimetre wave imaging system is presented. The block receives the RF signal in the WR-3 band, between 220 and 330 GHz, and downconverts it to a 300 MHz intermediate frequency, using the internally generated eighth harmonic component of an input signal in the WR-28 frequency band, between 26.5 and 40 GHz. The subharmonic mixing operation is performed taking advantage of the non-linearity of a few layer graphene component, integrated in a microstrip structure.

[1]  T. W. Crowe,et al.  Solid-State LO Sources for Greater than 2 THz , 2011 .

[2]  B. Thomas,et al.  A low-noise fixed-tuned 300-360-GHz sub-harmonic mixer using planar Schottky diodes , 2005, IEEE Microwave and Wireless Components Letters.

[3]  S. Safavi-Naeini,et al.  A submilliwatt terahertz high-temperature superconductive photomixer array source: analysis and design , 2005, IEEE Transactions on Applied Superconductivity.

[4]  L.-P. Schmidt,et al.  A Fast Scanning W-Band System for Advanced Millimetre-Wave Short Range Imaging Applications , 2006, 2006 European Radar Conference.

[5]  Thomas E. Hall,et al.  Three-dimensional millimeter-wave imaging for concealed weapon detection , 2001 .

[6]  Theory of the nonlinear optical frequency mixing effect in graphene , 2012 .

[7]  S. Safavi-Naeini,et al.  Analysis and design of a photoconductive integrated photomixer/antenna for terahertz applications , 2005, IEEE Journal of Quantum Electronics.

[8]  Chin-Shen Lin,et al.  A millimeter-wave ultra-compact broadband diode mixer using modified Marchand balun , 2005, European Gallium Arsenide and Other Semiconductor Application Symposium, GAAS 2005.

[9]  Guangyou Fang,et al.  Study of a New Millimeter-Wave Imaging Scheme Suitable for Fast Personal Screening , 2012, IEEE Antennas and Wireless Propagation Letters.

[10]  B. Thomas,et al.  A 320–360 GHz Subharmonically Pumped Image Rejection Mixer Using Planar Schottky Diodes , 2009, IEEE Microwave and Wireless Components Letters.

[11]  Viktor Krozer,et al.  Subharmonic Mixing With Field-Effect Transistors: Theory and Experiment at 639 GHz High Above $f_{T}$ , 2013, IEEE Sensors Journal.

[12]  R. Rehner,et al.  A hybrid broadband millimeter-wave diode ring mixer with advanced IF extraction technique , 2007, 2007 European Microwave Conference.

[13]  R.J. Dengler,et al.  A Compact 600 GHz Electronically Tunable Vector Measurement System for Submillimeter Wave Imaging , 2006, 2006 IEEE MTT-S International Microwave Symposium Digest.

[14]  I. Mehdi,et al.  A Unique 520–590 GHz Biased Subharmonically-Pumped Schottky Mixer , 2007, IEEE Microwave and Wireless Components Letters.

[15]  Y. Suzuki,et al.  Development of 35GHz band passive imaging systems and their applications to medical and bio-objects imaging , 2004, 2004 Asia-Pacific Radio Science Conference, 2004. Proceedings..

[16]  I. Mehdi,et al.  A wafer-level diamond bonding process to improve power handling capability of submillimeter-wave Schottky diode frequency multipliers , 2009, 2009 IEEE MTT-S International Microwave Symposium Digest.

[17]  I. Mehdi,et al.  200, 400 and 800 GHz Schottky diode "substrateless" multipliers: design and results , 2001, 2001 IEEE MTT-S International Microwave Sympsoium Digest (Cat. No.01CH37157).

[18]  S. Mikhailov,et al.  Nonlinear electromagnetic response of graphene: frequency multiplication and the self-consistent-field effects , 2008, Journal of physics. Condensed matter : an Institute of Physics journal.