Developing Commitment in Japanese Organizations in Hong Kong

Deutsch's theory of cooperation and competition may be usefully extended to understand how employees decide to commit to their organizations. Results ofstructural equation analyses on data colkctedfrom interviews of Chinese and Japanese employees of Japanese multinational organizations operating in Hong Kong indicate that cooperative goals contributed to open discussion between employees, which resulted in productive workand stronger work relationships, which in turn led employees to feel committed. Competitive and independent goals were largely negatively correlated with dynamics and outcomes. These results argue that the theory of cooperation and competition is usefulfor understanding interdependence and interaction in Asian as well as North American organizations. The theory may have the potentialfor structuring interaction that rewards employees, facilitates their relationships and productivity, and results in commitment.

[1]  Randall B. Dunham,et al.  Organizational commitment: The utility of an integrative definition. , 1994 .

[2]  Fons Trompenaars,et al.  National Culture and the Values of Organizational Employees , 1996 .

[3]  P. M. Podsakoff,et al.  Self-Reports in Organizational Research: Problems and Prospects , 1986 .

[4]  Douglas N. Jackson,et al.  Organizational commitment and job performance: It's the nature of the commitment that counts. , 1989 .

[5]  Mark John Somers,et al.  Organizational commitment, turnover and absenteeism: An examination of direct and interaction effects , 1995 .

[6]  David W. Johnson,et al.  Effects of cooperative, competitive, and individualistic goal structures on achievement: A meta-analysis. , 1981 .

[7]  J. Perry,et al.  Dual Commitment and Labor-Management Relationship Climates , 1986 .

[8]  Rodger W. Griffeth,et al.  Managing in the International Context: Testing Cultural Generality of Sources of Commitment to Multinational Enterprises , 1995 .

[9]  Paul E. Spector.  Method variance as an artifact in self-reported affect and perceptions at work: Myth or significant problem? , 1987 .

[10]  M. Boisot,et al.  From Fiefs to Clans and Network Capitalism: Explaining China's Emerging Economic Order , 1996 .

[11]  B. Mullen,et al.  The relation between group cohesiveness and performance: An integration. , 1994 .

[12]  J. Wagner,et al.  Percept-Percept Inflation in Microorganizational Research: An Investigation of Prevalence and Effect , 1994 .

[13]  M. Deutsch.  A Theory of Co-operation and Competition , 1949 .

[14]  Dean Tjosvold,et al.  Effects of Controversy and Defensiveness on Cognitive Perspective-Taking , 1980 .

[15]  A. Cohen.  Organizational Commitment and Turnover: A Met A-Analysis. , 1993 .

[16]  F. Yammarino,et al.  Identifying Common Methods Variance With Data Collected From A Single Source: An Unresolved Sticky Issue , 1991 .

[17]  Hal B. Gregersen,et al.  Antecedents to Commitment to A Parent Company and A Foreign Operation , 1992 .

[18]  Kevin R. Murphy,et al.  Nature and Consequences of Halo Error : A Critical Analysis , 1993 .

[19]  Jennifer A. Chatman,et al.  Building organizational commitment: A multifirm study , 1990 .

[20]  Lois E. Tetrick,et al.  A three-wave longitudinal analysis of the causal ordering of satisfaction and commitment on turnover decisions , 1989 .

[21]  Arnon E. Reichers,et al.  Conflict and organizational commitments. , 1986 .

[22]  H. Triandis,et al.  Multimethod probes of individualism and collectivism. , 1990 .

[23]  R. Vandenberg,et al.  A Critical Examination of the Internalization, Identification, and Compliance Commitment Measures , 1994 .

[24]  Robert r. Taylor,et al.  Consequences of Gainsharing , 1994 .

[25]  William K. Balzer,et al.  Halo and performance appraisal research: A critical examination. , 1992 .

[26]  C. O'Reilly.  Corporations, Culture, and Commitment: Motivation and Social Control in Organizations , 1989 .

[27]  David W. Johnson,et al.  Interdependence and Interpersonal Attraction Among Heterogeneous and Homogeneous Individuals: A Theoretical Formulation and a Meta-analysis of the Research , 1983 .

[28]  Dean Tjosvold,et al.  Effects of approach to controversy on superiors' incorporation of subordinates' information in decision making. , 1982 .

[29]  Claus W. Langfred.  Is Group Cohesiveness a Double-Edged Sword? , 1998 .

[30]  Saroj Parasuraman,et al.  Correlates of Organizational and Professional Commitment , 1987 .

[31]  Michael Ahearne,et al.  Moderating Effects of Goal Acceptance on the Relationship between Group Cohesiveness and Productivity , 1997 .

[32]  R. Eisenberger,et al.  Perceived Organizational Support and Employee Diligence, Commitment, and Innovation , 1990 .

[33]  P. A. Wilson.  The Effects of Politics and Power on The Organizational Commitment of Federal Executives , 1995 .

[34]  Dean Tjosvold,et al.  Implications of Controversy Research for Management , 1985 .

[35]  R. Zeffane.  Patterns of Organizational Commitment and Perceived Management Style: A Comparison of Public and Private Sector Employees , 1994 .

[36]  Larry J. Williams,et al.  Antecedents and consequences of satisfaction and commitment in turnover models: A reanalysis using latent variable structural equation methods. , 1986 .

[37]  Jennifer A. Chatman,et al.  Organizational commitment and psychological attachment: The effects of compliance, identification, and internalization on prosocial behavior. , 1986 .

[38]  Nancy G. Dodd,et al.  RESEARCH NOTES ORGANIZATIONAL COMMITMENT: A COMPARISON OF AMERICAN, JAPANESE, AND KOREAN EMPLOYEES , 1985 .

[39]  S. Wood,et al.  CAN WE SPEAK OF A HIGH COMMITMENT MANAGEMENT ON THE SHOP FLOOR , 1995 .

[40]  Roderick D. Iverson,et al.  A Causal Model of Behavioral Commitment: Evidence From a Study of Australian Blue-collar Employees , 1994 .

[41]  J. Perry,et al.  An empirical assessment of organizational commitment and organizational effectiveness. , 1981 .

[42]  Robert P. Vecchio,et al.  Influences on the quality of supervisor–subordinate relations: The role of time‐pressure, organizational commitment, and locus of control , 1994 .