Detection of circulation tumor cells from peripheral blood in patients with urothelial carcinoma

Objective: The study was designed to detect CTC in bladder and urothelial cancer patients and find the association of CTC with the staging and grading of urothelial cancer. Material and Method: Peripheral blood of bladder cancer patients who underwent operations from 2014 to 2015 was collected before the operations. Detection of circulating tumor cells used the quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) method, using cytokeratin 20 (CK20) (GenBank accession number X73501). Result: Twenty-seven patients were enrolled in the study; the CK20 gene was detected in every patient’s peripheral blood. CTC was higher in >T2 stage compared to the lower stages, but not significantly (0.0056 vs 0.0107, p-value 0.057). Tumor patients who had a high-grade tumor had a higher CTC in their blood significantly compared to patients with low-grade tumors (0.0087 vs 0.0025, p-value 0.006). There was no significant difference in CTC when comparing gender and urine cytology. Conclusion: CTC is correlated with bladder cancer. CTC of patients with high-grade tumors was found to be significantly higher than in the lower-grade group.

[1]  Anirban P. Mitra,et al.  Molecular markers in bladder cancer , 2018, World Journal of Urology.

[2]  A. Feber,et al.  The role of circulating tumour cells and nucleic acids in blood for the detection of bladder cancer: A systematic review. , 2018, Cancer treatment reviews.

[3]  B. Chung,et al.  The Prognostic Role of Circulating Tumor Cells (CTC) in High‐risk Non–muscle‐invasive Bladder Cancer , 2017, Clinical genitourinary cancer.

[4]  Gong Cheng,et al.  Prognostic Value of Circulating Tumor Cells in Castration Resistant Prostate Cancer: A Meta-analysis. , 2016, Urology journal.

[5]  K. Pantel,et al.  Do Circulating Tumor Cells Have a Role in Deciding on Adjuvant Chemotherapy After Radical Cystectomy? , 2015, Current Urology Reports.

[6]  F. Brimo,et al.  Prospective analysis of sensitivity and specificity of urinary cytology and other urinary biomarkers for bladder cancer. , 2015, Urologic oncology.

[7]  Changjian Zheng,et al.  Narrow band imaging diagnosis of bladder cancer: systematic review and meta‐analysis , 2012, BJU international.

[8]  Michael Koutsilieris,et al.  Diagnostic value of circulating tumor cell detection in bladder and urothelial cancer: systematic review and meta-analysis , 2011, BMC Cancer.

[9]  M. Koutsilieris,et al.  Detection of circulating tumor cells in bladder cancer patients. , 2009, Cancer treatment reviews.

[10]  M. Koutsilieris,et al.  Detection of Circulating Tumor Cells in Prostate Cancer Patients: Methodological Pitfalls and Clinical Relevance , 2009, Molecular medicine.

[11]  M. Koutsilieris,et al.  Circulating tumor cells in colorectal cancer: detection methods and clinical significance. , 2008, Anticancer research.

[12]  M. Sanz-Casla,et al.  Circulating tumor cells in colorectal cancer: correlation with clinical and pathological variables. , 2008, Annals of oncology : official journal of the European Society for Medical Oncology.

[13]  F. Hamdy,et al.  Behavior of urothelial carcinoma with respect to anatomical location. , 2007, The Journal of urology.

[14]  H. Scher,et al.  Circulating Tumor Cell Analysis in Patients with Progressive Castration-Resistant Prostate Cancer , 2007, Clinical Cancer Research.

[15]  M. Naoe,et al.  Detection of circulating urothelial cancer cells in the blood using the CellSearch System , 2007, Cancer.

[16]  Leon W.M.M. Terstappen,et al.  Circulating Tumor Cells versus Imaging—Predicting Overall Survival in Metastatic Breast Cancer , 2006, Clinical Cancer Research.

[17]  J Alfred Witjes,et al.  Predicting recurrence and progression in individual patients with stage Ta T1 bladder cancer using EORTC risk tables: a combined analysis of 2596 patients from seven EORTC trials. , 2006, European urology.

[18]  Alison Stopeck,et al.  Circulating tumor cells, disease progression, and survival in metastatic breast cancer. , 2004, The New England journal of medicine.

[19]  E. Higashihara,et al.  Detection of mucin 7 gene expression in exfoliated cells in urine from patients with bladder tumor. , 2003, Urology.

[20]  T. Carmody,et al.  Prognostic factors, recurrence, and survival in transitional cell carcinoma of the upper urinary tract: a 30-year experience in 252 patients. , 1998, Urology.

[21]  L. Tanoue,et al.  The National Comprehensive Cancer Network , 1998, Cancer.

[22]  E. Mazeman.  [Tumors of the upper excretory urinary tract, calices, renal pelvis and ureter]. , 1972, Journal d'urologie et de nephrologie.

[23]  A. Jemal,et al.  Bladder Cancer Incidence and Mortality: A Global Overview and Recent Trends. , 2017, European urology.

[24]  A. Jemal,et al.  Global cancer statistics , 2011, CA: a cancer journal for clinicians.

[25]  H. Gogas,et al.  Molecular markers detecting circulating melanoma cells by reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction: methodological pitfalls and clinical relevance , 2009, Clinical chemistry and laboratory medicine.

[26]  M. Milowsky,et al.  Detection of circulating tumor cells in patients with urothelial cancer. , 2009, Annals of oncology : official journal of the European Society for Medical Oncology.

[27]  F. Algaba,et al.  Molecular staging of bladder cancer with RT-PCR assay for CK20 in peripheral blood, bone marrow and lymph nodes: comparison with standard histological staging. , 2006, Anticancer research.

[28]  H. Herr,et al.  Tumor progression and survival of patients with high grade, noninvasive papillary (TaG3) bladder tumors: 15-year outcome. , 2000, The Journal of urology.