Vulnerability of the European air transport network to major airport closures from the perspective of passenger delays: Ranking the most critical airports

This paper analyzes the vulnerability of the European air transport network to major airport closures from the perspective of the delays imposed to disrupted airline passengers. Using an MIDT dataset on passenger itineraries flown during February 2013, full-day individual closures of the 25 busiest European airports are simulated and disrupted passengers then relocated to minimum-delay itineraries. Aggregate delays are used to rank the criticality of each airport to the network, with the possibility of disaggregating the impact across geographical markets. The results provide useful reference values for the development of policies aimed at improving the resilience of air transport networks.

[1]  Peter Nijkamp,et al.  Connectivity and Competition in Airline Networks , 2009, The Network Experience.

[2]  Liping Chi,et al.  Structural Changes Caused by Error and Attack Tolerance in us Airport Network , 2004 .

[3]  M A P Taylor,et al.  Network Vulnerability: An Approach to Reliability Analysis at the Level of National Strategic Transport Networks , 2003 .

[4]  Oriol Lordan,et al.  Robustness of the air transport network , 2014 .

[5]  Hong Kam Lo,et al.  Capacity reliability of a road network: an assessment methodology and numerical results , 2002 .

[6]  Elise Miller-Hooks,et al.  Measuring the performance of transportation infrastructure systems in disasters: a comprehensive review , 2015 .

[7]  Shangyao Yan,et al.  Airline Scheduling for the Temporary Closure of Airports , 1997, Transp. Sci..

[8]  Stephen J. Maher.  A novel passenger recovery approach for the integrated airline recovery problem , 2015, Comput. Oper. Res..

[9]  Oriol Lordan,et al.  Study of the topology and robustness of airline route networks from the complex network approach: a survey and research agenda , 2014 .

[10]  Milan Janic,et al.  Modelling the resilience, friability and costs of an air transport network affected by a large-scale disruptive event , 2015 .

[11]  James B. Rice,et al.  Formal Vulnerability Assessment of a maritime transportation system , 2011, Reliab. Eng. Syst. Saf..

[12]  Albert-László Barabási,et al.  Error and attack tolerance of complex networks , 2000, Nature.

[13]  Fahui Wang,et al.  Exploring the network structure and nodal centrality of China , 2011 .

[14]  R. Guimerà,et al.  The worldwide air transportation network: Anomalous centrality, community structure, and cities' global roles , 2003, Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America.

[15]  Pablo José J. Víctor M. Fleurquin,et al.  Characterization of Delay Propagation in the US Air-Transportation Network , 2013, 1304.2528.

[16]  Tom Petersen,et al.  Importance and Exposure in Road Network Vulnerability Analysis , 2006 .

[17]  許鉅秉,et al.  國際期刊 Transportation Research-Part E---Logistics and Transportation Review 特刊編輯補助 , 2006 .

[18]  M. Guida,et al.  Topology of the Italian airport network: A scale-free small-world network with a fractal structure? , 2007 .

[19]  Lucas P. Veelenturf,et al.  An overview of recovery models and algorithms for real-time railway rescheduling , 2014 .

[20]  Allan Larsen,et al.  Airline Disruption Management - Perspectives, Experiences and Outlook , 2007 .

[21]  Yan Li,et al.  Assessing Survivability of the Beijing Subway System , 2016 .

[22]  Andres G. Zellweger,et al.  Effects of Schedule Disruptions on the Economics of Airline Operations , 2001 .

[23]  David Millner,et al.  Flight delay propagation analysis with the Detailed Policy Assessment Tool , 2001, 2001 IEEE International Conference on Systems, Man and Cybernetics. e-Systems and e-Man for Cybernetics in Cyberspace (Cat.No.01CH37236).

[24]  Juan Carlos García-Palomares,et al.  Measuring the vulnerability of public transport networks , 2014 .

[25]  Cynthia Barnhart.  Irregular Operations: Schedule Recovery and Robustness , 2009 .

[26]  Gilbert Laporte,et al.  Evaluating passenger robustness in a rail transit network , 2012 .

[27]  Oriol Lordan,et al.  Robustness of airline alliance route networks , 2015, Commun. Nonlinear Sci. Numer. Simul..

[28]  Fabrizio Lillo,et al.  Modelling the air transport with complex networks: A short review , 2013, The European Physical Journal Special Topics.

[29]  Peter Nijkamp,et al.  Transport resilience and vulnerability: The role of connectivity , 2015 .

[30]  George L. Nemhauser,et al.  Airline Crew Recovery , 2000, Transp. Sci..

[31]  Augusto Voltes-Dorta,et al.  Regulatory Airport Classification in the US: The Role of International Markets , 2015 .

[32]  F. Medda,et al.  A new measure of resilience: An application to the London Underground , 2015 .

[33]  Luis E C Rocha,et al.  Structural evolution of the Brazilian airport network , 2008, 0804.3081.

[34]  Hussein A. Abbass,et al.  Australian airport network robustness analysis: a complex network approach , 2013 .

[35]  Katja Berdica,et al.  AN INTRODUCTION TO ROAD VULNERABILITY: WHAT HAS BEEN DONE, IS DONE AND SHOULD BE DONE , 2002 .

[36]  Shital A. Thekdi,et al.  Supply Chain Vulnerability Analysis Using Scenario‐Based Input‐Output Modeling: Application to Port Operations , 2016, Risk analysis : an official publication of the Society for Risk Analysis.

[37]  John-Paul Clarke,et al.  An Optimization Approach to Airline Integrated Recovery , 2012, Transp. Sci..

[38]  Chris Hendrickson,et al.  Estimating economic and resilience consequences of potential navigation infrastructure failures: A case study of the Monongahela River , 2014 .

[39]  Cynthia Barnhart,et al.  Flight operations recovery: New approaches considering passenger recovery , 2006, J. Sched..

[40]  Elise Miller-Hooks,et al.  Assessing the role of network topology in transportation network resilience , 2015 .

[41]  D. Embrey.  Reliability Engineering and System Safely 38 (1992) 199-208 , 2003 .

[42]  A. Rose.  Economic resilience to natural and man-made disasters: Multidisciplinary origins and contextual dimensions , 2007 .

[43]  Erik Jenelius,et al.  Planning for the unexpected: The value of reserve capacity for public transport network robustness , 2015 .

[44]  Sybil Derrible,et al.  The complexity and robustness of metro networks , 2010 .

[45]  Adolf K.Y. Ng,et al.  Centrality and vulnerability in liner shipping networks: revisiting the Northeast Asian port hierarchy , 2010 .

[46]  Elise Miller-Hooks,et al.  Resilience: An Indicator of Recovery Capability in Intermodal Freight Transport , 2012, Transp. Sci..

[47]  James E. Evans,et al.  Analysis of Delay Causality at Newark International Airport , 2001 .

[48]  Milan Janic,et al.  Modeling the Large Scale Disruptions of an Airline Network , 2005 .

[49]  William H. K. Lam,et al.  Transportation Research, Part A: Policy and Practice , 1997 .

[50]  Keshen Jiang,et al.  Empirical Study of Chinese Airline Network Structure Based on Complex Network Theory , 2011 .

[51]  Rawia Ahmed El-Rashidy,et al.  An Assessment Method for Highway Network Vulnerability , 2014 .

[52]  Augusto Voltes-Dorta,et al.  The role of London airports in providing connectivity for the UK: regional dependence on foreign hubs , 2016 .

[53]  Bo Zou,et al.  Modeling flight delay propagation: A new analytical-econometric approach. , 2016 .

[54]  Massimiliano Zanin,et al.  Modeling the multi-layer nature of the European Air Transport Network: Resilience and passengers re-scheduling under random failures , 2012, ArXiv.

[55]  Maddalena Ragona,et al.  The 2010 Volcanic Ash Cloud and Its Financial Impact on the European Airline Industry , 2010 .

[56]  Massimiliano Zanin,et al.  Can we neglect the multi-layer structure of functional networks? , 2015, 1503.04302.

[57]  Erik Jenelius,et al.  Road network vulnerability analysis of area-covering disruptions: A grid-based approach with case study , 2012 .

[58]  Erik Jenelius,et al.  Vulnerability and resilience of transport systems : A discussion of recent research , 2015 .

[59]  Ahmed F. Abdelghany,et al.  An integrated decision support tool for airlines schedule recovery during irregular operations , 2008, Eur. J. Oper. Res..

[60]  Yan Li.  Assessing Survivability of the Beijing Subway System , 2014 .

[61]  Tobias Grosche,et al.  Computational Intelligence in Integrated Airline Scheduling , 2009, Studies in Computational Intelligence.