Extraction of Eugenol from Cloves Using an Unmodified Household Espresso Machine: An Alternative to Traditional Steam-Distillation

This laboratory experiment describes the extraction of natural products from plant material in line with recent research advances in this field. Specifically, an unmodified household espresso machine is used to extract the essential oil components of cloves (eugenol and acetyleugenol). This straightforward and uncomplicated method expedites the extraction of clove oil and requires simple and relatively inexpensive equipment. Moreover, this technique is successfully used to replace the steam-distillation of cloves experiment that has traditionally been part of a second-year undergraduate laboratory program.

[1]  Alex C. Bissember,et al.  Practical isolation of polygodial from Tasmannia lanceolata: a viable scaffold for synthesis. , 2015, Organic & biomolecular chemistry.

[2]  Alex C. Bissember,et al.  New method for the rapid extraction of natural products: efficient isolation of shikimic acid from star anise. , 2015, Organic letters.

[3]  Kenneth A. Miller,et al.  Introducing Organic Chemistry Students to Natural Product Isolation Using Steam Distillation and Liquid Phase Extraction of Thymol, Camphor, and Citral, Monoterpenes Sharing a Unified Biosynthetic Precursor , 2015 .

[4]  A. Mueller,et al.  Development and Preliminary Impacts of the Implementation of an Authentic Research-Based Experiment in General Chemistry , 2013 .

[5]  Giovanni Caprioli,et al.  Optimization of espresso machine parameters through the analysis of coffee odorants by HS-SPME-GC/MS. , 2012, Food chemistry.

[6]  R. Linforth,et al.  Cafestol extraction yield from different coffee brew mechanisms , 2012 .

[7]  S. Hartwell,et al.  Exploring the potential for using inexpensive natural reagents extracted from plants to teach chemical analysis , 2012 .

[8]  S. K. O’Shea,et al.  Isolation and Analysis of Essential Oils from Spices , 2012 .

[9]  T. Cahill,et al.  Extraction, Purification, and Spectroscopic Characterization of a Mixture of Capsaicinoids , 2011 .

[10]  Ciaran O Reilly,et al.  Nature’s Anti-Alzheimer’s Drug: Isolation and Structure Elucidation of Galantamine from Leucojum aestivum , 2010 .

[11]  Choy Sin Hew,et al.  Pressurized hot water extraction (PHWE). , 2010, Journal of chromatography. A.

[12]  Sepani Senaratne,et al.  Principles of Integrating Research into Teaching in Higher Education: Built Environment Perspective , 2009 .

[13]  Rebecca Brent,et al.  Does Faculty Research Improve Undergraduate Teaching? An Analysis of Existing and Potential Synergies , 2007 .

[14]  Kenneth A. Walz,et al.  Introducing New Learning Tools into a Standard Classroom: A Multi-Tool Approach to Integrating Fuel-Cell Concepts into Introductory College Chemistry. , 2007 .

[15]  R. Payne,et al.  Isolation of Shikimic Acid from Star Aniseed. , 2005 .

[16]  L. G. French Isolation of (R)-(+)-Pulegone from the European Pennyroyal Mint, Mentha Pulegium , 2002 .

[17]  W. Miles,et al.  Modeling the Drug Discovery Process: The Isolation and Biological Testing of Eugenol from Clove Oil , 2002 .

[18]  Douglas C. Smith,et al.  Qualitative Analysis of Citrus Fruit Extracts by GC/MS: An Undergraduate Experiment , 2001 .

[19]  Matthew S. Mitchell,et al.  Isolation of Curcumin from Turmeric , 2000 .

[20]  J. Castrillon Cinnamaldehyde by Steam Distillation of Cinnamon , 1999 .

[21]  D. Hosler,et al.  Ethnobotany: The chemist's source for the identification of useful natural products , 1987 .

[22]  R. Letcher Structure Elucidation of a Natural Product. , 1983 .

[23]  D. L. Garin Steam distillation of essential oils - Anethole from anise followed by permanganate oxidation to anisic acid , 1980 .

[24]  A. Hassanali,et al.  Isolation of oil of clove and separation of eugenol and acetyl eugenol. An instructive experiment for beginning chemistry undergraduates , 1976 .

[25]  D. L. Garin Steam distillation of essential oils - Carvone from caraway , 1976 .

[26]  A. Hassanali,et al.  Isolation of Oil of Clove and Separation of Eugenol and Acetyle Eugenol. , 1976 .

[27]  F. H. Greenberg Natural products isolation--orange oil. An undergraduate organic experiment. , 1968, Journal of chemical education.