Gain and bandwidth investigation in a near-zero ultra-flat dispersion PCF for optical parametric amplification around the communication wavelength.

In this work, we explore the fiber optical parametric amplifiers (FOPAs) gain and bandwidth spectra of near-zero ultra-flattened photonic crystal fibers (PCFs) around the communication wavelength. The parametric gain and spectral bandwidth have been explored for all the three zero-dispersion wavelengths (ZDWs) of the near-zero ultra-flat fiber. Our numerical analysis establishes a dispersion profile with D=0±0.35  ps/nm/km for a bandwidth of 440 nm around the communication wavelength to fully exploit the four-wave mixing effect with three ZDWs for broadband applications. It has been observed that the broader gain spectrum of FOPAs can be achieved with the near-zero and ultra-flattened dispersion curve with proper tuning of the pumping condition. A broader bandwidth with sufficient peak gain value has been achieved with small negative anomalous dispersion (β2≤0) and positive value of fourth-order dispersion parameter (+ve  β4) around the pumping wavelength. Wider bandwidth of the parametric amplifier has been observed around the second ZDW with a negative slope of the dispersion curve. A total bandwidth ≈520  nm could be achieved with the ultra-flat dispersion nature of the optimized PCF. The design methodology of achieving wider gain by tuning the pumping wavelength for favorable higher-order dispersion parameters would be very useful for future dispersion engineered devices.

[1]  J. Lasri,et al.  Microstructure-fibre-based optical parametric amplifier with gain slope of ∼200 dB/W/km in the telecom range , 2003 .

[2]  R. McPhedran,et al.  Multipole method for microstructured optical fibers. I. Formulation , 2003 .

[3]  J R Taylor,et al.  Continuous-wave, totally fiber integrated optical parametric oscillator using holey fiber. , 2004, Optics letters.

[4]  Rainer Leonhardt,et al.  Scalar modulation instability in the normal dispersion regime by use of a photonic crystal fiber. , 2003, Optics letters.

[5]  Miroslav Kolesik,et al.  Ultra-flattened-dispersion selectively liquid-filled photonic crystal fibers. , 2006, Optics express.

[6]  P. Chaudhuri,et al.  A New Design for All-Normal Near Zero Dispersion Photonic Crystal Fiber with Selective Liquid Infiltration for Broadband Supercontinuum Generation at 1.55 μm , 2014 .

[7]  T. Andersen,et al.  Continuous-wave wavelength conversion in a photonic crystal fiber with two zero-dispersion wavelengths. , 2004, Optics express.

[8]  Jia-hong Liou,et al.  Selectively liquid-filled photonic crystal fibers for optical devices. , 2009, Optics express.

[9]  Daniel Maystre,et al.  Chromatic dispersion and losses of microstructured optical fibers. , 2003, Applied optics.

[10]  Daniel Maystre,et al.  Microstructured optical fibers: where's the edge? , 2002, Optics express.

[11]  Michel E. Marhic.  Toward practical fiber optical parametric amplifiers , 2003, OFC 2003 Optical Fiber Communications Conference, 2003..

[12]  Kunimasa Saitoh,et al.  The role of artificial defects for engineering large effective mode area, flat chromatic dispersion, and low leakage losses in photonic crystal fibers: Towards high speed reconfigurable transmission platforms. , 2006, Optics express.

[13]  P. Petropoulos,et al.  A 10GBIT/S Tuneable Wavelength Converter Based on Four-Wave MIXING in Highly Nonlinear Holey Fibre , 2002, 2002 28TH European Conference on Optical Communication.

[14]  P. Russell,et al.  Photonic Crystal Fibers , 2003, Science.

[15]  Govind P. Agrawal,et al.  Nonlinear Fiber Optics , 1989 .

[16]  J. Taylor,et al.  Ten years of nonlinear optics in photonic crystal fibre , 2009 .

[17]  P. Chaudhuri,et al.  A New Design of Ultra-Flattened Near-zero Dispersion PCF Using Selectively Liquid Infiltration , 2013, 1412.7846.

[18]  D J Richardson,et al.  Inverse design and fabrication tolerances of ultra-flattened dispersion holey fibers. , 2005, Optics express.

[19]  K. Hansen,et al.  Dispersion flattened hybrid-core nonlinear photonic crystal fiber. , 2003, Optics express.

[20]  Tzong-Lin Wu,et al.  A novel ultraflattened dispersion photonic Crystal fiber , 2005, IEEE Photonics Technology Letters.

[21]  Kunimasa Saitoh,et al.  Theoretical realization of holey fiber with flat chromatic dispersion and large mode area: an intriguing defected approach. , 2006, Optics letters.

[22]  Geometrical parameters dependence towards ultra-flat dispersion square-lattice PCF with selective liquid infiltration , 2014, 1412.8599.

[23]  P. Chaudhuri,et al.  Design of ultra large negative dispersion PCF with selectively tunable liquid infiltration for dispersion compensation , 2014 .

[24]  Partha Roy Chaudhuri,et al.  Near-elliptic Core Triangular-lattice and Square-lattice PCFs: A Comparison of Birefringence, Cut-off and GVD Characteristics Towards Fiber Device Application , 2014, 1412.7735.

[25]  Y. Wu,et al.  High-performance evanescently edge coupled photodiodes with partially p-doped photoabsorption layer at 1.55-/spl mu/m wavelength , 2005, IEEE Photonics Technology Letters.

[26]  B. Eggleton,et al.  Numerical analysis and experimental design of tunable birefringence in microstructured optical fiber. , 2002, Optics express.

[27]  M. Marhic.  Fiber Optical Parametric Amplifiers, Oscillators and Related Devices , 2007 .

[28]  Partha Roy Chaudhuri,et al.  Supercontinuum generation in ultra-flat near zero dispersion PCF with selective liquid infiltration , 2014 .

[29]  Near Zero Ultra-flat Dispersion PCF: Properties and Generation of Broadband Supercontinuum , 2014 .

[30]  Jean-Marc Blondy,et al.  Stimulated Raman scattering in an ethanol core microstructured optical fiber. , 2005, Optics express.

[31]  R. McPhedran,et al.  Multipole method for microstructured optical fibers. II. Implementation and results , 2002 .

[32]  J. Broeng,et al.  Photonic crystal fibers , 2003, Proceedings of the 2003 SBMO/IEEE MTT-S International Microwave and Optoelectronics Conference - IMOC 2003. (Cat. No.03TH8678).

[33]  B. Eggleton,et al.  Microstructured optical fiber devices. , 2001, Optics express.

[34]  Kunimasa Saitoh,et al.  Chromatic dispersion control in photonic crystal fibers: application to ultra-flattened dispersion. , 2003, Optics express.

[35]  S. Leon-Saval,et al.  All-fiber anamorphic core-shape transitions. , 2006, Optics letters.

[36]  Kazuhiro Hane,et al.  Direct Photolithography on Optical Fiber End , 2002 .

[37]  Kunimasa Saitoh,et al.  Highly nonlinear dispersion-flattened photonic crystal fibers for supercontinuum generation in a telecommunication window. , 2004, Optics express.