Networks in Berlin's Music Industry - A Spatial Analysis

In addition to a distinct regional concentration of the branch in a few, large metropolitan areas in Germany, Berlin shows inner-city (inner-regional) concentrations of the music industry and its players linked with the value chain as well as branch-relevant institutions. By means of a written survey of companies in the media and IT industries in Berlin and Brandenburg plus expert interviews, an analysis of the Berlin music branch, regarding its spatial as well as organizational concentration and how this concentration is perceived by companies, has been carried out. A comparison of the results within the branch and with the Brandenburg region can be made on the basis of a differentiation of the media branch in the analysis. This analysis found that creative milieus are of particular importance as they perform the role of being the driving force in developing the field of music. Therefore this paper examines spillovers into this industry, as a first step of spatial concentration in terms of networks of music companies, institutions, and the specific and innovative milieu and the geographical dimension of knowledge. Furthermore, evidence has been found through the use of economic and socio-cultural indicators. Urbanization economies become especially clear (apparent) for the region in the examination of Berlin’s music industry with their intersectoral integration and cross-sectoral stimilus to settlement and formation of companies.

[1]  Alan Harding,et al.  Location of Industry and International Competitiveness , 1968 .

[2]  Richard Florida,et al.  Creativity and Entrepreneurship: A Regional Analysis of New Firm Formation , 2004 .

[3]  Jan Vang-Lauridsen,et al.  Cultural Industries and the Production of Culture , 2006 .

[4]  Detlev Sträter,et al.  Netzwerkstrukturen und Kooperationsbedingungen von Multimedia in der Region München , 1998 .

[5]  M. Fromhold-Eisebith,et al.  Das „kreative Milieu” — nur theoretisches Konzept oder Instrument der Regionalentwicklung? , 1999 .

[6]  Dominic Power,et al.  “Cultural Industries” in Sweden: An Assessment of their Place in the Swedish Economy* , 2002 .

[7]  Bart Nooteboom,et al.  Innovation and inter-firm linkages: new implications for policy , 1999 .

[8]  G. Marlet,et al.  Skills and Creativity in a Cross-section of Dutch Cities , 2004 .

[9]  A. Scott The Cultural Economy of Cities , 1997 .

[10]  D. Throsby Economics and Culture , 2000 .

[11]  Mark S. Granovetter,et al.  Getting a Job: A Study of Contacts and Careers. , 1976 .

[12]  Andy C. Pratt,et al.  The Cultural Industries Production System: A Case Study of Employment Change in Britain, 1984–91 , 1997 .

[13]  M. Baethge Abschied vom Industrialismus: Konturen einer neuen gesellschaftlichen Ordnung der Arbeit , 2001 .

[14]  A. Leyshon,et al.  The place of music , 1999 .

[15]  D. Hesmondhalgh The Cultural Industries , 2002 .

[16]  Gernot Grabher,et al.  Locating Economic Action: Projects, Networks, Localities, Institutions , 2001 .

[17]  P. Romer Increasing Returns and Long-Run Growth , 1986, Journal of Political Economy.

[18]  B. Frey Arts & Economics: Analysis & Cultural Policy , 2000 .

[19]  H. Molotch LA as Design Product: How Art Works in a Regional Economy , 1996 .

[20]  Gernot Grabher,et al.  The Project Ecology of Advertising: Tasks, Talents and Teams , 2002 .

[21]  K. Morgan The Exaggerated Death of Geography , 2004, Geography.

[22]  Allen J. Scott,et al.  New Industrial Spaces: Flexible Production Organization and Regional Development in North America and Western Europe , 1989 .

[23]  Bennett Harrison,et al.  Industrial Districts: Old Wine in New Bottles? , 1992 .

[24]  George Simpson,et al.  On Popular Music , 1941 .

[25]  M. Porter The competitive advantage of nations : with a new introduction , 1998 .

[26]  J. Schumpeter,et al.  Capitalism, Socialism and Democracy , 1943 .

[27]  Eric Clark,et al.  Creative Copenhagen: Globalization, Urban Governance and Social Change , 2001 .

[28]  K. Keim Milieu in der Stadt : ein Konzept zur Analyse älterer Wohnquartiere , 1979 .

[29]  R. Vernon International investment and international trade in the product cycle , 1966 .

[30]  Innovative Milieus in ostdeutschen Stadtregionen: "sticky places" der kreativen Klasse? , 2004 .

[31]  Mark S. Granovetter Economic Action and Social Structure: The Problem of Embeddedness , 1985, American Journal of Sociology.

[32]  Gernot Grabher Die Nachbarschaft, die Stadt und der Club: Wissensmilieus in Projektökologien , 2004 .

[33]  Hartmut Häußermann,et al.  Die Politik der Festivalisierung und die Festivalisierung der Politik , 1993 .

[34]  M. Feldman,et al.  Innovation in Cities: Science-Based Diversity, Specialization and Localized Competition , 1999 .

[35]  M. Csíkszentmihályi The domain of creativity. , 1990 .

[36]  A. Marshall,et al.  Principles of Economics , 1891 .

[37]  A. Bramanti,et al.  The Dynamics of Innovative Regions , 1996 .

[38]  Ash Amin,et al.  Globalization, Institutions, and Regional Development in Europe , 1995 .

[39]  A. Leyshon Time–Space (and Digital) Compression: Software Formats, Musical Networks, and the Reorganisation of the Music Industry , 2001 .

[40]  Stefan Hradil Alte Begriffe und neue Strukturen Die Milieu-, Subkultur- und Lebensstilforschung der 80er Jahre , 1992 .

[41]  J. Hannigan Fantasy City: Pleasure and Profit in the Postmodern Metropolis , 1998 .

[42]  J. Schulte,et al.  Konsequenzen der Moderne , 1995 .

[43]  Keith Negus,et al.  Popular music studies , 2002 .

[44]  I. Helbrecht Bare Geographies in Knowledge Societies – Creative Cities as Text and Piece of Art: Two Eyes, One Vision , 2004 .

[45]  P. Bourdieu,et al.  The Field of Cultural Production , 1993 .

[46]  J. Jacobs,et al.  The Economy of Cities , 1969 .

[47]  Richard E. Caves,et al.  Book Review , 2001 .

[48]  Sharon Zukin The Cultures of the Cities , 1995 .

[49]  J. M. Bernstein,et al.  The culture industry : selected essays on mass culture , 1991 .

[50]  Roberto Camagni,et al.  Innovation Networks , 1991 .

[51]  A. Venables,et al.  Buzz: face-to-face contact and the urban economy , 2004 .

[52]  Gernot Grabher The embedded firm : on the socioeconomics of industrial networks , 1995 .

[53]  Jan Schnellenbach,et al.  What do we know about geographical knowledge spillovers and regional growth?: A survey of the literature , 2006 .

[54]  Keith Negus Producing Pop: Culture and Conflict in the Popular Music Industry , 1992 .

[55]  J. Urry,et al.  Economies of signs and space , 1994 .

[56]  E. Soja,et al.  Global city regions , 2001 .

[57]  P. Zeman Ältere Migrantinnen und Migranten in Berlin : Expertise im Auftrag der Senatsverwaltung für Gesundheit, Soziales und Verbraucherschutz , 2002 .

[58]  M. Baethge,et al.  Die große Hoffnung für das 21. Jahrhundert? : Perspektiven und Strategien für die Entwicklung der Dienstleistungsbeschäftigung , 2001 .

[59]  R. Lindner Walks on the Wild Side : eine Geschichte der Stadtforschung , 2004 .

[60]  Harald Bathelt,et al.  Toward a Reconceptualization of Regional Development Paths: Is Leipzig’s Media Cluster a Continuation of or a Rupture with the Past? , 2003 .

[61]  The Creative Metropolis Services, Symbols and Spaces , 1998 .

[62]  R. Florida The Rise of the Creative Class , 2002 .

[63]  M. Storper,et al.  Flexible Specialization and Regional Industrial Agglomerations: The Case of the U.S. Motion Picture Industry , 1987 .

[64]  X. Greffe Arts and artists from an economic perspective , 2002 .

[65]  T. Sieverts Zwischenstadt: Zwischen Ort und Welt, Raum und Zeit, Stadt und Land , 1999 .

[66]  K. Arrow Economic Welfare and the Allocation of Resources for Invention , 1962 .

[67]  Klaus R. Kunzmann,et al.  Culture, creativity and spatial planning , 2004 .

[68]  P. Hall Cities in Civilization , 1998 .

[69]  Denis Maillat,et al.  Innovative milieux and new generations of regional policies , 1998 .