Stand-by Power Reduction for Storage Circuits

Stand-by power reduction for storage circuits, which have to retain data, is obtained through limited locally switched source-body biasing. The stand-by leakage current is reduced by using a source-body bias not exceeding the value that guaranties safe data retention and less leaking non-minimum length transistors. This bias is short-circuited in active mode to improve the speed and the noise margin, especially for low supply voltages; however, this is made for a fraction of the circuit containing the activated part, allowing a trade-off between switching power and leakage. For a SRAM in a 0.18μm process the leakage is reduced more than 25 times without speed or noise margin loss.