Solid-State Physics, Fluidics, and Analytical Techniques in Micro- and Nanotechnology

Historical Note: The Ascent of Silicon, MEMS, and NEMS Crystallography Introduction Bravais Lattice, Unit Cells, and the Basis Point Groups and Space Groups Miller Indices X-Ray Analysis Reciprocal Space, Fourier Space, k-Space, or Momentum Space Brillouin Zones Nothing Is Perfect Acknowledgments Appendix 2A: Plane Wave Equations Questions Further Reading Reference Quantum Mechanics and the Band Theory of Solids Introduction Classical Theory Starts Faltering Quantum Mechanics to the Rescue Beyond Schrodinger's Equation Silicon Single Crystal Is Still King Introduction Si Crystallography Single-Crystal Structure and Conductivity Single-Crystal Si Growth Doping of Si Oxidation of Silicon Si-Based Electronic Devices Physicochemical Properties of Si Appendix 4A: Some Properties of Error Functions and Complementary Error Functions Questions Further Reading References Photonics Introduction The Nature of Light Diffraction and Image Resolution Refraction Reflectance and Total Internal Reflectance Light Polarization Maxwell's Equations Beyond Maxwell Optical Properties of Materials Light Interaction with Small Particles Comparing Photons with Electrons-Photonic Crystals The mu-epsilon Quadrant and Metamaterials Lasers Questions References Fluidics Introduction Macroscale Laws for Fluid Flow Breakdown of Continuum Theory in Fluidics Forces at Interfaces Mixing, Stirring, and Diffusion in Low Reynolds Number Fluids Chemical Reactions in Microchambers-Microreactors Fluid Propulsion Electrowetting Centrifugal Fluidic Platform-CD Fluidics Scaling in Analytical Separation Equipment Acknowledgments Questions Further Reading References Electrochemical and Optical Analytical Techniques Introduction Intermolecular Forces Electrochemistry Optical Spectroscopy Comparison of Optical versus Electrochemical Sensors Questions References