Whatever Happened to Organizational Anthropology? A Review of the Field of Organizational Ethnography and Anthropological Studies

L'A. rappelle que le champ d'etude du comportement organisationnel a ete, a l'origine, cree par des anthropologues, notamment par les etudes pionnieres de Hawthorne, et celles de W. F. Whyte, premier anthropologue social a avoir ecrit un ouvrage de reference sur le comportement organisationnel ; mais les deux domaines se sont separes et les etudes organisationnelles ont graduellement perdu contact avec les qualites essentielles de l'anthropologie. Cet article propose une speculation sur la nature de la quete ethnographique et sur ce que l'on gagnerait a reconcilier etudes organisationnelles et anthropologie. Il passe en revue l'etat des recherches dans ce champ et souligne les differents aspects (methode, paradigme, rhetorique et ecriture) de l'ethnographie que le champ organisationnel devra considerer s'il est amene a prendre le tournant anthropologique. Apres avoir fait le constat du manque d'historicite, de contextualite et de processualite de la theorie des organisations, il note que, de son cote, l'anthropologie repond a de telles demandes et, dans ce sens, est porteuse de reelles alternatives pour le developpement futur de ce domaine de recherche. Enfin il insiste sur ce qu'il considere comme les qualites dictinctives de la recherche ethnographique et sur ce qu'elles pourraient apporter a la recherche sur les organisations si elles etaient plus largement adoptees

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