Retraction：Modeling Electrical Characteristics of a pn-Junction Silicon Solar Cell Using PSpice

Computer-aided technical work is of great help in photovoltaics because most of the system components are described by nonlinear equations and the node circuit equations that have to be solved to find the values of the currents and voltages, most often do not have analytical solutions. This paper describes the operation of a solar cell through a simplified analytical model implemented in PSpice. Through this new method, the three main solar cell magnitudes are described and their relationships are illustrated in an ideal situation. This PSpice model is used to study analytically the short circuit current, quantum efficiency, open circuit voltage, fill-factor, and the conversion efficiency of the conventional pn-junction ideal solar cell.