Improving Diagnostic Accuracy Of Reduced-Dose Studies With Full-Dose Noise-To-Noise Learning In Cardiac Spect

Dose reduction in cardiac SPECT perfusion imaging is of great clinical importance owing to its potential radiation risks. In this study, we investigate the benefit of using full-dose data processed by deep learning (DL) as a learning target for improving the accuracy of reduced-dose studies. We demonstrated this approach in the experiments with a set of 895 clinical cases, in which we employed a pre-trained DL model for obtaining the full-dose target used for training a denoising network on reduced-dose images. The quantitative results show that the proposed approach could further improve the detection accuracy of perfusion defects (using the non-prewhitening matched filter as a numerical observer) on 50% dose studies over that of training directly with full-dose reconstruction. In addition, there was no loss observed in the spatial resolution of the reconstructed left ventricular wall as measured by its full-width at half-maximum.