Study Design Sixty-five patients who underwent transpedicular fixation for thoracolumbar and lumbar injuries were studied for type of injury, the severity of paralysis, the degree of postoperative correction, and instrumentation failures. Objectives To evaluate the surgical approaches and the selection of instrumentation to determine indications for using the transpedicular fixation procedure. Summary of Background Data Various transpedicular fixation devices have been used for different type of injuries, and satisfactory postoperative results were not obtained in some studies. Methods Forty patients had burst fraetures, 19 had fracture dislocations, and six had chance-type fractures. An anterior decompression procedure was used for most cases of burst fracture and some cases of fractures dislocation where anterior compression factors were present. The Zielke or modified Zielke system was used as an internal fixator for posterior segmental fixation. Results No patient had neurologica deterioration after surgery. Twenty of 28 patients with incomplete lesions improved postoperatively according to Frankel grades. The instrumentation failed in only one patient, in whom a nonunion developed. Conclusion With transpedicular fixation, it is possible to provide solid internal fixation that is circumsribed to the injured vertebral segments. The elasticity of the Zielka rod makes it an excellent transpedicular fixation devices because it is easily attached and reduction is easily performed. Anterior decompression with fusion needs to be used with transpedicular fixation in the treatment of injuries (especially burst fractures).