Treatment of early-stage breast cancer.

[1]  A. Schauer,et al.  The prognostic effect of histological tumor grade in node-negative breast cancer patients , 1993, Breast Cancer Research and Treatment.

[2]  A. Luini,et al.  Quadrantectomy versus lumpectomy for small size breast cancer. , 1990, European journal of cancer.

[3]  F. Tavassoli,et al.  Ductal Carcinoma In Situ with Microinvasion , 1998 .

[4]  D W Kinne,et al.  Staging and follow‐up of breast cancer patients , 1991, Cancer.

[5]  G. Hortobagyi,et al.  Positron emission tomography with fluorine‐18‐deoxyglucose in the detection and staging of breast cancer , 1993, Cancer.

[6]  J. Lynch,et al.  Toward a Rational Approach to Systemic Therapy in Local Recurrence of Breast Cancer , 1996 .

[7]  U. Chetty,et al.  Noninvasive ductal carcinoma of the breast: the relevance of histologic categorization. , 1993, Human pathology.

[8]  B A Miller,et al.  Recent trends in U.S. breast cancer incidence, survival, and mortality rates. , 1996, Journal of the National Cancer Institute.

[9]  G. Bonadonna,et al.  Sequential or alternating doxorubicin and CMF regimens in breast cancer with more than three positive nodes. Ten-year results. , 1995, JAMA.

[10]  R. Greenes,et al.  Efficacy of specimen radiography of clinically occult noncalcified breast lesions. , 1988, AJR. American journal of roentgenology.

[11]  J. Bedwinek Breast conserving surgery and irradiation: the importance of demarcating the excision cavity with surgical clips. , 1993, International journal of radiation oncology, biology, physics.

[12]  M. Levine,et al.  Randomized clinical trial to assess the effectiveness of breast irradiation following lumpectomy and axillary dissection for node-negative breast cancer. , 1992, Journal of the National Cancer Institute.

[13]  G. Carlson,et al.  The Effects of Radiation Treatment after TRAM Flap Breast Reconstruction , 1997, Plastic and reconstructive surgery.

[14]  A. Karim,et al.  Importance of timing of radiotherapy in breast conserving treatment for early stage breast cancer. , 1994, Radiotherapy and oncology : journal of the European Society for Therapeutic Radiology and Oncology.

[15]  S. Schnitt,et al.  Understanding the distribution of cancer within the breast is important for optimizing breast‐conserving treatment , 1995, Cancer.

[16]  Mike Clarke,et al.  Tamoxifen for early breast cancer: an overview of the randomised trials , 1998, The Lancet.

[17]  D. Schultz,et al.  Microinvasive ductal carcinoma of the breast treated with breast-conserving surgery and definitive irradiation. , 1992, International journal of radiation oncology, biology, physics.

[18]  Harold C. Sox,et al.  National Institutes of Health Consensus Development Conference Statement: Geriatric Assessment Methods for Clinical Decision‐making , 1988 .

[19]  G. Bonadonna,et al.  Dose-response effect of adjuvant chemotherapy in breast cancer. , 1981, The New England journal of medicine.

[20]  J. Donohue,et al.  Breast biopsy: a comparative study of stereotaxically guided core and excisional techniques. , 1994, AJR. American journal of roentgenology.

[21]  F. Holmes,et al.  Consequences of breast irradiation in patients with pre-existing collagen vascular diseases. , 1989, International journal of radiation oncology, biology, physics.

[22]  D. Neuberg,et al.  Relationship of patient age to pathologic features of the tumor and prognosis for patients with stage I or II breast cancer. , 1994, Journal of clinical oncology : official journal of the American Society of Clinical Oncology.

[23]  S J Schnitt,et al.  The optimal extent of resection for patients with stages I or II breast cancer treated with conservative surgery and radiotherapy. , 1991, Annals of surgery.

[24]  E. Touboul,et al.  Early breast cancer: influence of type of boost (electrons vs iridium-192 implant) on local control and cosmesis after conservative surgery and radiation therapy. , 1995, Radiotherapy and oncology : journal of the European Society for Therapeutic Radiology and Oncology.

[25]  W. P. Evans,et al.  Radiography of microcalcifications in stereotaxic mammary core biopsy specimens. , 1994, Radiology.

[26]  M. Silverstein,et al.  Predicting axillary node positivity in patients with invasive carcinoma of the breast by using a combination of T category and palpability. , 1995, Journal of the American College of Surgeons.

[27]  M. Wollin,et al.  Prognostic factors for recurrence and cosmesis in 393 patients after radiation therapy for early mammary carcinoma. , 1989, Radiology.

[28]  J. Engel,et al.  Local resection and brachytherapy confined to the lumpectomy site for early breast cancer: A pilot study , 1997, Journal of surgical oncology.

[29]  C. Redmond,et al.  Comparison of radical mastectomy with alternative treatments for primary breast cancer , 1978 .

[30]  P. Bult,et al.  Three dimensional imaging of mammary ductal carcinoma in situ: clinical implications. , 1994, Seminars in diagnostic pathology.

[31]  N. Robert,et al.  Factors influencing cosmetic outcome and complication risk after conservative surgery and radiotherapy for early-stage breast carcinoma. , 1992, Journal of clinical oncology : official journal of the American Society of Clinical Oncology.

[32]  S. Schnitt,et al.  Dilemmas in Breast Disease. Evaluation of Microscopic Margins in Patients with Invasive Breast Cancer: Technical and Interpretive Considerations , 1998 .

[33]  B. Fowble The Significance of Resection Margin Status in Patients with Early‐Stage Invasive Cancer Treated with Breast‐Conservation Therapy , 1998 .

[34]  R. Elledge,et al.  Radiation therapy and survival in breast cancer patients with 10 or more positive axillary lymph nodes treated with mastectomy. , 1998, Journal of clinical oncology : official journal of the American Society of Clinical Oncology.

[35]  B. Cady Duct Carcinoma In Situ , 1993 .

[36]  M D Schnall,et al.  Diagnostic performance characteristics of architectural features revealed by high spatial-resolution MR imaging of the breast. , 1997, AJR. American journal of roentgenology.

[37]  B. Salvadori,et al.  Surgery for local recurrences following deficient radical mastectomy for breast cancer: a selected series of 39 cases. , 1992, European journal of surgical oncology : the journal of the European Society of Surgical Oncology and the British Association of Surgical Oncology.

[38]  W. Dupont,et al.  Continued local recurrence of carcinoma 15–25 years after a diagnosis of low grade ductal carcinoma in situ of the breast treated only by biopsy , 1995, Cancer.

[39]  R. Zucali,et al.  Primary chemotherapy in surgically resectable breast cancer , 1995, CA: a cancer journal for clinicians.

[40]  Eusebi,et al.  Long-term follow-up of in situ carcinoma of the breast. , 1994, Seminars in diagnostic pathology.

[41]  J F Wilson,et al.  Breast-conserving therapy vs mastectomy in early-stage breast cancer: a meta-analysis of 10-year survival. , 1997, The cancer journal from Scientific American.

[42]  L. Norton,et al.  Postsurgical adjuvant chemotherapy of stage II breast carcinoma with or without crossover to a non-cross-resistant regimen: a Cancer and Leukemia Group B study. , 1996, Journal of clinical oncology : official journal of the American Society of Clinical Oncology.

[43]  R. Arriagada,et al.  Adequate locoregional treatment for early breast cancer may prevent secondary dissemination. , 1995, Journal of clinical oncology : official journal of the American Society of Clinical Oncology.

[44]  T. Flotte,et al.  Pathologic predictors of recurrence in stage 1 (TINOMO) breast cancer. , 1982, American journal of clinical pathology.

[45]  J L Sunshine,et al.  Evaluation of breast masses and axillary lymph nodes with [F-18] 2-deoxy-2-fluoro-D-glucose PET. , 1993, Radiology.

[46]  P. V. van Diest,et al.  Sentinel lymph node biopsy in breast cancer: guidelines and pitfalls of lymphoscintigraphy and gamma probe detection. , 1998, Journal of the American College of Surgeons.

[47]  L. Norton,et al.  Dose and dose intensity of adjuvant chemotherapy for stage II, node-positive breast carcinoma. , 1994, The New England journal of medicine.

[48]  J. Connolly,et al.  Mammographic features predicting an extensive intraductal component in early-stage infiltrating ductal carcinoma. , 1992, AJR. American journal of roentgenology.

[49]  K. Kerlikowske,et al.  Incidence of and treatment for ductal carcinoma in situ of the breast. , 1996, JAMA.

[50]  P. Fumoleau,et al.  Adjuvant treatment of node-positive breast cancer with cyclophosphamide, doxorubicin, fluorouracil, and vincristine versus cyclophosphamide, methotrexate, and fluorouracil: final report after a 16-year median follow-up duration. , 1996, Journal of clinical oncology : official journal of the American Society of Clinical Oncology.

[51]  N. Weidner,et al.  Clinically occult, noncalcified breast cancer: serial radiologic-pathologic correlation in 27 cases. , 1988, Radiology.

[52]  S. Edge,et al.  The evaluation of palpable breast masses: common pitfalls and management guidelines. , 1997, Surgical oncology.

[53]  F. Tavassoli,et al.  A comparison of the results of long‐term follow‐up for atypical intraductal hyperplasia and intraductal hyperplasia of the breast , 1990, Cancer.

[54]  P. Smith,et al.  Histopathology of breast cancer in relation to age. , 1997, British Journal of Cancer.

[55]  C. Osborne,et al.  HER-2/neu in node-negative breast cancer: prognostic significance of overexpression influenced by the presence of in situ carcinoma. , 1992, Journal of clinical oncology : official journal of the American Society of Clinical Oncology.

[56]  M D Schnall,et al.  Staging of suspected breast cancer: effect of MR imaging and MR-guided biopsy. , 1995, Radiology.

[57]  D. Schultz,et al.  Frequency, sites of relapse, and outcome of regional node failures following conservative surgery and radiation for early breast cancer. , 1989, International journal of radiation oncology, biology, physics.

[58]  C. D'Orsi Management of the breast specimen. , 1995, Radiology.

[59]  V. Apostolopoulos,et al.  Antibody and T cell responses of patients with adenocarcinoma immunized with mannan-MUC1 fusion protein. , 1997, The Journal of clinical investigation.

[60]  J. Hendriks,et al.  Histologic multifocality of tis, T1–2 breast carcinomas implications for clinical trials of breast‐conserving surgery , 1985, Cancer.

[61]  J. Costantino,et al.  Lumpectomy and radiation therapy for the treatment of intraductal breast cancer: findings from National Surgical Adjuvant Breast and Bowel Project B-17. , 1998, Journal of clinical oncology : official journal of the American Society of Clinical Oncology.

[62]  F. Vicini,et al.  Cosmetic results after surgery, chemotherapy, and radiation therapy for early breast cancer. , 1991, International journal of radiation oncology, biology, physics.

[63]  E. Feuer,et al.  Projections of the breast cancer burden to U.S. women: 1990-2000. , 1991, Preventive medicine.

[64]  Handley Rs Carcinoma of the breast. , 1953 .

[65]  D. Schaid,et al.  Patterns of tumor relapse following mastectomy and adjuvant systemic therapy in patients with axillary lymph node‐positive breast cancer. Impact of clinical, histopathologic, and flow cytometric factors , 1993, Cancer.

[66]  Philip Smith,et al.  Evaluation of infiltrating ductal carcinomas with a DCIS component: correlation of the histologic type of the in situ component with grade of the infiltrating component. , 1994, Seminars in diagnostic pathology.

[67]  R. Zimmerman,et al.  Radiation tolerance of transverse rectus abdominis myocutaneous-free flaps used in immediate breast reconstruction. , 1998, American journal of clinical oncology.

[68]  H. Høst,et al.  Postoperative radiotherapy in breast cancer--long-term results from the Oslo study. , 1986, International journal of radiation oncology, biology, physics.

[69]  S. Martino,et al.  Short-course FAC-M versus 1 year of CMFVP in node-positive, hormone receptor-negative breast cancer: an intergroup study. , 1995, Journal of clinical oncology : official journal of the American Society of Clinical Oncology.

[70]  S J Schnitt,et al.  Interobserver Reproducibility in the Diagnosis of Ductal Proliferative Breast Lesions Using Standardized Criteria , 1992, The American journal of surgical pathology.

[71]  S. Bull,et al.  neu/erbB-2 amplification identifies a poor-prognosis group of women with node-negative breast cancer. Toronto Breast Cancer Study Group. , 1998, Journal of clinical oncology : official journal of the American Society of Clinical Oncology.

[72]  D. Schultz,et al.  The effects of sequence and type of chemotherapy and radiation therapy on cosmesis and complications after breast conservation therapy. , 1996, International journal of radiation oncology, biology, physics.

[73]  M. Chadha,et al.  2049 Treatment of the axilla with radiation therapy (RT) without an axillary dissection (AD) in patients with invasive breast cancer , 1997 .

[74]  C. Perez,et al.  The impact of regional lymphatic irradiation on treatment outcomes for T1 and T2 node positive breast cancer patients treated with conservation therapy , 1998 .

[75]  M Baum,et al.  Cause-specific mortality in long-term survivors of breast cancer who participated in trials of radiotherapy. , 1994, Journal of clinical oncology : official journal of the American Society of Clinical Oncology.

[76]  S. Schnitt,et al.  Classification of ductal carcinoma in situ: striving for clinical relevance in the era of breast conserving therapy. , 1997, Human pathology.

[77]  Umberto Veronesi,et al.  Sentinel-node biopsy to avoid axillary dissection in breast cancer with clinically negative lymph-nodes , 1997, The Lancet.

[78]  S. Schnitt,et al.  Processing and evaluation of breast excision specimens. A clinically oriented approach. , 1992, American journal of clinical pathology.

[79]  A. Recht,et al.  Edema of the arm as a function of the extent of axillary surgery in patients with stage I-II carcinoma of the breast treated with primary radiotherapy. , 1986, International journal of radiation oncology, biology, physics.

[80]  J. Urban,et al.  “Residual” mammary carcinoma following simulated partial mastectomy , 1975, Cancer.

[81]  L. Norton,et al.  Immunohistochemical detection of HER2/neu in patients with axillary lymph node negative breast carcinoma. A study of epidemiologic risk factors, histologic features, and prognosis , 1995, Cancer.

[82]  D. Wickerham,et al.  Increased intensification and total dose of cyclophosphamide in a doxorubicin-cyclophosphamide regimen for the treatment of primary breast cancer: findings from National Surgical Adjuvant Breast and Bowel Project B-22. , 1997, Journal of clinical oncology : official journal of the American Society of Clinical Oncology.

[83]  J. Hendriks,et al.  Extent, distribution, and mammographic/ histological correlations of breast ductal carcinoma in situ , 1990, The Lancet.

[84]  Mike Clarke,et al.  Polychemotherapy for early breast cancer: an overview of the randomised trials , 1998, The Lancet.

[85]  M. J. Silverstein,et al.  Prognostic classification of breast ductal carcinoma-in-situ , 1995, The Lancet.

[86]  D. Cowen,et al.  Thallium-201 perfusion scintigraphy in the evaluation of late myocardial damage in left-side breast cancer treated with adjuvant radiotherapy. , 1998, International journal of radiation oncology, biology, physics.

[87]  P. Ravdin,et al.  Survey of breast cancer patients concerning their knowledge and expectations of adjuvant therapy. , 1998, Journal of clinical oncology : official journal of the American Society of Clinical Oncology.

[88]  B. Fraass,et al.  Treatment Techniques in the Conservative Management of Breast Cancer. , 1992, Seminars in radiation oncology.

[89]  S. Hellman Stopping metastases at their source. , 1997, The New England journal of medicine.

[90]  R. Kuske Adjuvant chest wall and nodal irradiation: maximize cure, minimize late cardiac toxicity. , 1998, Journal of clinical oncology : official journal of the American Society of Clinical Oncology.

[91]  R. Foster,et al.  The sentinel node in breast cancer--a multicenter validation study. , 1998, The New England journal of medicine.

[92]  E. Copeland,et al.  Selection of Patients for Breast Cancer Conservation Therapy , 1998 .

[93]  C. Redmond,et al.  Doxorubicin-containing regimens for the treatment of stage II breast cancer: The National Surgical Adjuvant Breast and Bowel Project experience. , 1989, Journal of clinical oncology : official journal of the American Society of Clinical Oncology.

[94]  D. Schultz,et al.  Breast recurrence following conservative surgery and radiation: patterns of failure, prognosis, and pathologic findings from mastectomy specimens with implications for treatment. , 1990, International journal of radiation oncology, biology, physics.

[95]  R. Edward Hendrick,et al.  Mammography quality control manual , 1999 .

[96]  D. Schultz,et al.  An analysis of age and family history on outcome after breast-conservation treatment: the University of Pennsylvania experience. , 1998, The cancer journal from Scientific American.

[97]  H. Kuerer,et al.  Conservative Surgery for Breast Carcinoma Associated with Pregnancy , 1998 .

[98]  M. Silverstein Predicting Axillary Nodal Positivity in 1,787 Patients with Invasive Breast Carcinoma , 1998 .

[99]  P. Romestaing,et al.  Role of a 10-Gy boost in the conservative treatment of early breast cancer: results of a randomized clinical trial in Lyon, France. , 1997, Journal of clinical oncology : official journal of the American Society of Clinical Oncology.

[100]  F. Vicini,et al.  Are cosmetic results following conservative surgery and radiation therapy for early breast cancer dependent on technique? , 1992, International journal of radiation oncology, biology, physics.

[101]  M. Levine,et al.  Analysis of dose intensity for adjuvant chemotherapy trials in stage II breast cancer. , 1986, Journal of clinical oncology : official journal of the American Society of Clinical Oncology.

[102]  J. Haybittle,et al.  Cardiac doses in post-operative breast irradiation. , 1992, Radiotherapy and oncology : journal of the European Society for Therapeutic Radiology and Oncology.

[103]  B. Fisher,et al.  Long-term follow-up of axillary node-positive breast cancer patients receiving adjuvant tamoxifen alone: patterns of recurrence. , 1998, International journal of radiation oncology, biology, physics.

[104]  Anna L. Brown,et al.  Two months of doxorubicin-cyclophosphamide with and without interval reinduction therapy compared with 6 months of cyclophosphamide, methotrexate, and fluorouracil in positive-node breast cancer patients with tamoxifen-nonresponsive tumors: results from the National Surgical Adjuvant Breast and Bowe , 1990, Journal of clinical oncology : official journal of the American Society of Clinical Oncology.

[105]  B. Fowble,et al.  Postmastectomy radiation: then and now. , 1997, Oncology.

[106]  C. Shapiro,et al.  Cardiac effects of adjuvant doxorubicin and radiation therapy in breast cancer patients. , 1998, Journal of clinical oncology : official journal of the American Society of Clinical Oncology.

[107]  I. Mena,et al.  Technical Aspects of Prone Dependent-Breast Scintimammography , 1994 .

[108]  D. E. Baker,et al.  Two-view specimen radiography in surgical biopsy of nonpalpable breast masses. , 1987, AJR. American journal of roentgenology.

[109]  M. Silverstein,et al.  A prognostic index for ductal carcinoma in situ of the breast , 1996, Cancer.

[110]  W. Mackillop,et al.  Mortality from myocardial infarction after adjuvant radiotherapy for breast cancer in the surveillance, epidemiology, and end-results cancer registries. , 1998, Journal of clinical oncology : official journal of the American Society of Clinical Oncology.

[111]  I. Gage,et al.  Pathologic margin involvement and the risk of recurrence in patients treated with breast‐conserving therapy , 1996 .

[112]  I. Henderson,et al.  Cancer of the breast: the past decade (first of two parts). , 1980, The New England journal of medicine.

[113]  J. Rosai,et al.  Borderline Epithelial Lesions of the Breast , 1991, The American journal of surgical pathology.

[114]  Anna L. Brown,et al.  Effect of preoperative chemotherapy on the outcome of women with operable breast cancer. , 1998, Journal of clinical oncology : official journal of the American Society of Clinical Oncology.

[115]  S. Schnitt,et al.  Local control following breast-conserving surgery for invasive cancer: results of clinical trials. , 1995, Journal of the National Cancer Institute.

[116]  I. Ellis,et al.  p53 protein expression in mammary ductal carcinoma in situ: relationship to immunohistochemical expression of estrogen receptor and c-erbB-2 protein. , 1993, Human pathology.

[117]  G. Gustafson,et al.  Low-dose-rate brachytherapy as the sole radiation modality in the management of patients with early-stage breast cancer treated with breast-conserving therapy: preliminary results of a pilot trial. , 1997, International journal of radiation oncology, biology, physics.

[118]  J. Armitage,et al.  High-dose chemotherapy with autologous hematopoietic stem-cell support for breast cancer in North America. , 1997, Journal of clinical oncology : official journal of the American Society of Clinical Oncology.

[119]  K. Zedeler,et al.  Postoperative Radiotherapy in High-Risk Premenopausal Women with Breast Cancer Who Receive Adjuvant Chemotherapy , 1997 .

[120]  P. Perrotta,et al.  Conservatively Treated Breast Cancer: Outcome by Histologic Subtype , 1997 .

[121]  A E Giuliano,et al.  Sentinel-lymph-node biopsy for breast cancer--not yet the standard of care. , 1998, The New England journal of medicine.

[122]  M. J. van de Vijver,et al.  Ductal carcinoma in situ: a proposal for a new classification. , 1994, Seminars in diagnostic pathology.

[123]  B. F. Cole,et al.  Adjuvant chemotherapy plus tamoxifen compared with tamoxifen alone for postmenopausal breast cancer: meta-analysis of quality-adjusted survival , 1996, The Lancet.

[124]  C. Quinn,et al.  Ductal carcinoma in situ of the breast: the clinical significance of histological classification , 1997, Histopathology.

[125]  P. Rosen,et al.  The clinical significance of pre‐invasive breast carcinoma , 1980, Cancer.

[126]  B Fisher,et al.  Eight-year results of a randomized clinical trial comparing total mastectomy and lumpectomy with or without irradiation in the treatment of breast cancer. , 1989, The New England journal of medicine.

[127]  D. Schultz,et al.  Fifteen-year results of breast-conserving surgery and definitive breast irradiation for the treatment of ductal carcinoma in situ of the breast. , 1996, Journal of clinical oncology : official journal of the American Society of Clinical Oncology.

[128]  N. Le,et al.  Adjuvant radiotherapy and chemotherapy in node-positive premenopausal women with breast cancer. , 1997, The New England journal of medicine.

[129]  T. Frazier,et al.  Recurrence of Breast Carcinoma Following Immediate Reconstruction: A 13‐Year Review , 1994, Plastic and reconstructive surgery.

[130]  L. Norton,et al.  Use of ultrasound to guide radiation boost planning following lumpectomy for carcinoma of the breast. , 1993, International journal of radiation oncology, biology, physics.

[131]  K. Bland,et al.  In situ breast carcinoma. , 1993, Advances in surgery.

[132]  Cox,et al.  Ductal Carcinoma In Situ of the Breast. , 1999, Cancer control : journal of the Moffitt Cancer Center.

[133]  D. Wallwiener,et al.  Reduction in new metastases in breast cancer with adjuvant clodronate treatment. , 1998, The New England journal of medicine.

[134]  J. Bahary,et al.  The incidence of supraclavicular failure in patients with T1-2 breast cancer and four or more positives nodes treated by conservative surgery and tangential breast irradiation without regional nodal irradiation , 1998 .

[135]  R. Gray,et al.  Identification of a subgroup of patients with breast cancer and histologically positive axillary nodes receiving adjuvant chemotherapy who may benefit from postoperative radiotherapy. , 1988, Journal of clinical oncology : official journal of the American Society of Clinical Oncology.

[136]  M A Richards,et al.  Node negative breast cancer. , 1990, BMJ.

[137]  D. Neuberg,et al.  The relation between the surgery-radiotherapy interval and treatment outcome in patients treated with breast-conserving surgery and radiation therapy without systemic therapy. , 1994, International journal of radiation oncology, biology, physics.

[138]  S. Ariyan,et al.  Breast reconstruction in previously irradiated patients using tissue expanders and implants: a potentially unfavorable result. , 1998, Annals of plastic surgery.

[139]  L. Rutqvist,et al.  Morbidity of ischemic heart disease in early breast cancer 15-20 years after adjuvant radiotherapy. , 1994, International journal of radiation oncology, biology, physics.

[140]  C. Redmond,et al.  Reanalysis and results after 12 years of follow-up in a randomized clinical trial comparing total mastectomy with lumpectomy with or without irradiation in the treatment of breast cancer. , 1995, New England Journal of Medicine.

[141]  S Hellman,et al.  Pathological prognostic factors in stage I (T1N0M0) and stage II (T1N1M0) breast carcinoma: a study of 644 patients with median follow-up of 18 years. , 1989, Journal of clinical oncology : official journal of the American Society of Clinical Oncology.

[142]  A. Stout,et al.  CARCINOMA OF THE BREAST: II. CRITERIA OF OPERABILITY. , 1943, Annals of surgery.

[143]  Alice Chung,et al.  Lymphatic Mapping and Sentinel Lymphadenectomy for Breast Cancer , 1994, Annals of surgery.

[144]  I. Gust,et al.  IMMUNOGLOBULIN M ANTIBODIES AGAINST HEPATITIS B CORE ANTIGEN IN PATIENTS WITH CHRONIC HEPATITIS B INFECTION , 1984, Pathology.

[145]  S. Singletary,et al.  The oncologic risks of skin preservation at mastectomy when combined with immediate reconstruction of the breast. , 1991, Surgery, gynecology & obstetrics.

[146]  J. Manola,et al.  No long-term increase in cardiac-related mortality after breast-conserving surgery and radiation therapy using modern techniques. , 1998, Journal of clinical oncology : official journal of the American Society of Clinical Oncology.

[147]  R. Gray,et al.  Adjuvant therapy with a doxorubicin regimen and long-term tamoxifen in premenopausal breast cancer patients: an Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group trial. , 1992, Journal of clinical oncology : official journal of the American Society of Clinical Oncology.

[148]  G. Bonadonna,et al.  Cyclophosphamide, methotrexate, and fluorouracil with and without doxorubicin in the adjuvant treatment of resectable breast cancer with one to three positive axillary nodes. , 1991, Journal of clinical oncology : official journal of the American Society of Clinical Oncology.

[149]  B. Haffty,et al.  No benefit to intentionally targeting the internal mammary lymph nodes in conservatively managed breast cancer patients , 1998 .

[150]  D. Fischer,et al.  Regional nodal irradiation in the conservative treatment of breast cancer. , 1990, International journal of radiation oncology, biology, physics.

[151]  J. Hendriks,et al.  Microcalcifications associated with ductal carcinoma in situ: mammographic-pathologic correlation. , 1994, Seminars in diagnostic pathology.

[152]  R. Handley A surgeon's view of the spread of breast cancer , 1969, Cancer.

[153]  A. Recht,et al.  The sequencing of chemotherapy and radiation therapy after conservative surgery for early-stage breast cancer. , 1996, The New England journal of medicine.

[154]  A. Nixon,et al.  Treatment outcome after tangential radiation therapy without axillary dissection in patients with early-stage breast cancer and clinically negative axillary nodes. , 1997, International journal of radiation oncology, biology, physics.

[155]  C. Osborne,et al.  Prognostic significance of S-phase fraction in good-risk, node-negative breast cancer patients. , 1992, Journal of clinical oncology : official journal of the American Society of Clinical Oncology.

[156]  D L Morton,et al.  Technical details of intraoperative lymphatic mapping for early stage melanoma. , 1992, Archives of surgery.

[157]  D. Slamon,et al.  HER-2/neu gene amplification characterized by fluorescence in situ hybridization: poor prognosis in node-negative breast carcinomas. , 1997, Journal of clinical oncology : official journal of the American Society of Clinical Oncology.

[158]  V. Bardou,et al.  Local and distant recurrence after conservative management of "very low-risk" breast cancer are dependent events: a 10-year follow-up. , 1998, International journal of radiation oncology, biology, physics.

[159]  D. M. Brown,et al.  The role of regional nodal irradiation in the management of patients with early-stage breast cancer treated with breast-conserving therapy. , 1997, International journal of radiation oncology, biology, physics.

[160]  S. Edge,et al.  Paget's disease of the breast: a 33-year experience. , 1998, Journal of the American College of Surgeons.

[161]  L. Norton,et al.  Superiority of radio-opaque clips compared to ultrasound as methods of defining lumpectomy cavity volumes for breast boost planning , 1998 .

[162]  P. Stomper,et al.  Analysis of parenchymal density on mammograms in 1353 women 25-79 years old. , 1996, AJR. American journal of roentgenology.

[163]  G. Hanks,et al.  Inaccuracies in using the lumpectomy scar for planning electron boosts in primary breast carcinoma. , 1994, International journal of radiation oncology, biology, physics.

[164]  A. Luini,et al.  Comparing Radical Mastectomy with Quadrantectomy, Axillary Dissection, and Radiotherapy in Patients with Small Cancers of the Breast , 1981 .

[165]  T. Smith,et al.  The efficacy of specimen radiography in evaluating the surgical margins of impalpable breast carcinoma. , 1994, AJR. American journal of roentgenology.

[166]  B Fisher,et al.  Five-year results of a randomized clinical trial comparing total mastectomy and segmental mastectomy with or without radiation in the treatment of breast cancer. , 1985, The New England journal of medicine.

[167]  R. Fechner,et al.  Immediate management of mammographically detected breast lesions. , 1993, American journal of clinical pathology.

[168]  N. Robert,et al.  Breast conservation in elderly women for clinically negative axillary lymph nodes without axillary dissection , 1994, Cancer.

[169]  A. Stout,et al.  Carcinoma of the Breast. II-Criteria of Operability. , 1943, Annals of surgery.

[170]  S. Nicosia,et al.  Local recurrence of breast cancer after cytological evaluation of lumpectomy margins. , 1998, The American surgeon.

[171]  T. Fleming,et al.  Addition of Herceptin (humanized anti-HER2 antibody) to first line chemotherapy for HER2 overexpressing metastatic breast cancer (HER2+/MBC) markedly increases anti-cancer activity: a randomised multinational controlled phase III trial , 1998 .

[172]  J. Connolly,et al.  Clinically occult ductal carcinoma in situ detected with mammography: analysis of 100 cases with radiologic-pathologic correlation. , 1989, Radiology.

[173]  L. Holmberg,et al.  Sector resection with or without postoperative radiotherapy for stage I breast cancer: five-year results of a randomized trial. Uppsala-Orebro Breast Cancer Study Group. , 1994, Journal of the National Cancer Institute.

[174]  M. Espié,et al.  Adjuvant cyclophosphamide, methotrexate, and fluorouracil versus fluorouracil, epirubicin, and cyclophosphamide chemotherapy in premenopausal women with axillary node-positive operable breast cancer: results of a randomized trial. The International Collaborative Cancer Group. , 1996, Journal of clinical oncology : official journal of the American Society of Clinical Oncology.

[175]  B. Hillner,et al.  Cost-effectiveness of routine radiation therapy following conservative surgery for early-stage breast cancer. , 1998, Journal of clinical oncology : official journal of the American Society of Clinical Oncology.

[176]  P. C. Jolly,et al.  Factors affecting the incidence of lymph node metastases in small cancers of the breast. , 1989, American journal of surgery.

[177]  D. Schultz,et al.  Salvage treatment for local recurrence following breast-conserving surgery and definitive irradiation for ductal carcinoma in situ (intraductal carcinoma) of the breast. , 1994, International journal of radiation oncology, biology, physics.

[178]  A. Hanlon,et al.  A close or positive margin after mastectomy is not an indication for chest wall irradiation except in women aged fifty or younger. , 1998, International journal of radiation oncology, biology, physics.

[179]  H. Brar,et al.  Value of preoperative bone and liver scans and alkaline phosphatase in the evaluation of breast cancer patients. , 1993, American journal of surgery.

[180]  W. Gregory,et al.  The classification of ductal carcinoma in situ and its association with biological markers. , 1994, Seminars in diagnostic pathology.

[181]  G. W. Eklund,et al.  Percutaneous large-core breast biopsy: a multi-institutional study. , 1994, Radiology.

[182]  D. Morton,et al.  The impact of microinvasion on axillary node metastases and survival in patients with intraductal breast cancer. , 1990, Archives of surgery.

[183]  T. Yeatman,et al.  Lymphatic mapping in the treatment of breast cancer. , 1998, Oncology.

[184]  A. Recht,et al.  Axillary lymph nodes and breast cancer. A review , 1995, Cancer.

[185]  L. Norton,et al.  Factors influencing prognosis in node-negative breast carcinoma: analysis of 767 T1N0M0/T2N0M0 patients with long-term follow-up. , 1993, Journal of clinical oncology : official journal of the American Society of Clinical Oncology.

[186]  E Marubini,et al.  Local recurrences and distant metastases after conservative breast cancer treatments: partly independent events. , 1995, Journal of the National Cancer Institute.

[187]  B. Fowble,et al.  Impact of CT simulation for cone down electron treatment of breast cancer , 1998 .

[188]  H. Johansson,et al.  Adjuvant radiation therapy versus surgery alone in operable breast cancer: long-term follow-up of a randomized clinical trial. , 1993, Radiotherapy and oncology : journal of the European Society for Therapeutic Radiology and Oncology.

[189]  C. Perez,et al.  Regional nodal management and patterns of failure following conservative surgery and radiation therapy for stage I and II breast cancer. , 1993, International journal of radiation oncology, biology, physics.

[190]  G. Bonadonna,et al.  Adjuvant cyclophosphamide, methotrexate, and fluorouracil in node-positive breast cancer: the results of 20 years of follow-up. , 1995, The New England journal of medicine.

[191]  Eleanor Montague,et al.  Comparison of radical mastectomy with alternative treatments for primary breast cancer: A first report of results from a prospective randomized clinical trial , 1977 .

[192]  T. Fukushima,et al.  Intraductal extension of primary invasive breast carcinoma treated by breast conservative surgery. Computer graphic three‐dimensional reconstruction of the mammary duct‐lobular systems , 1995, Cancer.

[193]  F. Vicini,et al.  Regional nodal failure after conservative surgery and radiotherapy for early-stage breast carcinoma. , 1991, Journal of clinical oncology : official journal of the American Society of Clinical Oncology.

[194]  M. Lagios,et al.  Ductal carcinoma in situ of the breast: reproducibility of histological subtype analysis. , 1997, Human pathology.

[195]  C. Redmond,et al.  Relative worth of estrogen or progesterone receptor and pathologic characteristics of differentiation as indicators of prognosis in node negative breast cancer patients: findings from National Surgical Adjuvant Breast and Bowel Project Protocol B-06. , 1988, Journal of clinical oncology : official journal of the American Society of Clinical Oncology.

[196]  I. Lax,et al.  Cardiovascular mortality in a randomized trial of adjuvant radiation therapy versus surgery alone in primary breast cancer. , 1992, International journal of radiation oncology, biology, physics.

[197]  F. O'Malley,et al.  Relationship of a new histological categorization of ductal carcinoma in situ of the breast with size and the immunohistochemical expression of p53, c-erb B2, bcl-2, and ki-67. , 1997, Human pathology.

[198]  W. McGuire Adjuvant therapy for node-negative breast cancer. , 1989, The New England journal of medicine.

[199]  F. Tavassoli Mammary Intraepithelial Neoplasia: A Translational Classification System for the Intraductal Epithelial Proliferations , 1997 .

[200]  G. Newstead,et al.  MR imaging of the breast. , 1995, Radiology.

[201]  S. Schnitt,et al.  Identification of patients at high risk for local recurrence after conservative surgery and radiation therapy for stage I or II breast cancer. , 1987, Archives of surgery.

[202]  B Fisher,et al.  Lumpectomy compared with lumpectomy and radiation therapy for the treatment of intraductal breast cancer. , 1993, The New England journal of medicine.

[203]  B. Haffty,et al.  Local recurrence in the conservatively treated breast cancer patient: a correlation with age and family history. , 1998, The cancer journal from Scientific American.

[204]  N. Cascinelli,et al.  Risk of Internal Mammary Lymph Node Metastases and Its Relevance on Prognosis of Breast Cancer Patients , 1983, Annals of surgery.

[205]  G. Rosner,et al.  High-dose chemotherapy and autologous bone marrow support as consolidation after standard-dose adjuvant therapy for high-risk primary breast cancer. , 1993, Journal of clinical oncology : official journal of the American Society of Clinical Oncology.

[206]  D. Berry,et al.  c-erbB-2 expression and response to adjuvant therapy in women with node-positive early breast cancer. , 1994, The New England journal of medicine.

[207]  A. Luini,et al.  Efficacy, toxicity, and applicability of high-dose sequential chemotherapy as adjuvant treatment in operable breast cancer with 10 or more involved axillary nodes: five-year results. , 1997, Journal of clinical oncology : official journal of the American Society of Clinical Oncology.

[208]  L. Stitt,et al.  Does delay in breast irradiation following conservative breast surgery in node-negative breast cancer patients have an impact on risk of recurrence? , 1998, International journal of radiation oncology, biology, physics.

[209]  K. von Smitten,et al.  The impact of adjuvant radiotherapy and cytotoxic chemotherapy on the outcome of immediate breast reconstruction by tissue expansion after mastectomy for breast cancer. , 1992, European journal of surgical oncology : the journal of the European Society of Surgical Oncology and the British Association of Surgical Oncology.

[210]  J. Connolly,et al.  Ductal carcinoma in situ of the breast: correlation between mammographic calcification and tumor subtype. , 1992, AJR. American journal of roentgenology.

[211]  M. Morrow Axillary Dissection: An Obsolete Operation? , 1998 .

[212]  R Holland,et al.  The presence of an extensive intraductal component following a limited excision correlates with prominent residual disease in the remainder of the breast. , 1990, Journal of clinical oncology : official journal of the American Society of Clinical Oncology.

[213]  S. Schnitt,et al.  Prognosis following salvage mastectomy for recurrence in the breast after conservative surgery and radiation therapy for early-stage breast cancer. , 1993, Journal of clinical oncology : official journal of the American Society of Clinical Oncology.