Distinction of Electron Dispersion in Time-Resolved Photoemission Spectroscopy.

While recent experiments provided compelling evidence for an intricate dependence of attosecond photoemission-time delays on the solid's electronic band structure, the extent to which electronic transport and dispersion in solids can be imaged in time-resolved photoelectron (PE) spectra remains poorly understood. Emphasizing the distinction between photoemission time delays measured with two-photon, two-color interferometric spectroscopy, and transport times, we demonstrate how the effect of energy dispersion in the solid on photoemission delays can, in principle, be observed in interferometric photoemission. We reveal analytically a scaling relation between the PE transport time in the solid and the observable photoemission delay and confirm this relation in numerical simulations for a model system. We trace photoemission delays to the phase difference the PE accumulates inside the solid and, in particular, predict negative photoemission delays. Based on these findings, we suggest a novel time-domain interferometric solid-state energy-momentum-dispersion imaging method.

[1]  Samuel A. Assefa,et al.  SURF: improving classifiers in production by learning from busy and noisy end users , 2020, ICAIF.

[2]  Jianxiong Li,et al.  Semiclassical approach for solving the time-dependent Schrödinger equation in spatially inhomogeneous electromagnetic pulses , 2019, Physical Review A.

[3]  V. Jonker,et al.  TH' , 2019, Dictionary of Upriver Halkomelem.

[4]  U. Thumm,et al.  Spatiotemporal analysis of a final-state shape resonance in interferometric photoemission from Cu(111) surfaces , 2019, Physical Review A.

[5]  J. Burgdörfer,et al.  Absolute timing of the photoelectric effect , 2018, Nature.

[6]  R. Sarpong,et al.  Bio-inspired synthesis of xishacorenes A, B, and C, and a new congener from fuscol† †Electronic supplementary information (ESI) available. See DOI: 10.1039/c9sc02572c , 2019, Chemical science.

[7]  U. Keller,et al.  Orientation-dependent stereo Wigner time delay and electron localization in a small molecule , 2018, Science.

[8]  Jianxiong Li,et al.  Imaging Plasmonic Fields with Atomic Spatiotemporal Resolution. , 2018, Physical review letters.

[9]  U. Thumm,et al.  Energy-resolved attosecond interferometric photoemission from Ag(111) and Au(111) surfaces , 2018 .

[10]  U. Keller,et al.  Effective mass effect in attosecond electron transport , 2017 .

[11]  U. Thumm,et al.  Electronic structure effects in spatiotemporally resolved photoemission interferograms of copper surfaces , 2017 .

[12]  Ricardo Díez Muiño,et al.  Angular momentum–induced delays in solid-state photoemission enhanced by intra-atomic interactions , 2017, Science.

[13]  R. Feifel,et al.  Photoionization in the time and frequency domain , 2017, Science.

[14]  M. Murnane,et al.  Distinguishing attosecond electron–electron scattering and screening in transition metals , 2017, Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences.

[15]  U. Thumm,et al.  Comparative time-resolved photoemission from the Cu(100) and Cu(111) surfaces , 2016 .

[16]  C. Friedrich,et al.  Rapid propagation of a Bloch wave packet excited by a femtosecond ultraviolet pulse , 2016 .

[17]  Manos Mavrikakis,et al.  Direct time-domain observation of attosecond final-state lifetimes in photoemission from solids , 2016, Science.

[18]  U. Keller,et al.  Light-Matter Interaction at Surfaces in the Spatiotemporal Limit of Macroscopic Models. , 2015, Physical review letters.

[19]  U. Thumm,et al.  Attosecond time-resolved streaked photoemission from Mg-covered W(110) surfaces , 2015 .

[20]  J. Burgdörfer,et al.  Direct observation of electron propagation and dielectric screening on the atomic length scale , 2015, Nature.

[21]  U. Keller,et al.  Energy-dependent photoemission delays from noble metal surfaces by attosecond interferometry , 2014, 1403.5449.

[22]  U. Thumm,et al.  Initial-state, mean-free-path, and skin-depth dependence of attosecond time-resolved IR-streaked XUV photoemission from single-crystalline magnesium , 2014 .

[23]  U. Thumm,et al.  Attosecond time-resolved photoelectron dispersion and photoemission time delays. , 2014, Physical review letters.

[24]  R. Kienberger,et al.  Attosecond time-resolved photoemission from core and valence states of magnesium. , 2012, Physical review letters.

[25]  V. Silkin,et al.  Band-structure effects in photoelectron-emission spectra from metal surfaces , 2012 .

[26]  E. Krasovskii.  Attosecond spectroscopy of solids: Streaking phase shift due to lattice scattering , 2011, 1109.3307.

[27]  Changjian Zhang,et al.  Probing dielectric-response effects with attosecond time-resolved streaked photoelectron spectroscopy of metal surfaces , 2011, 1102.0751.

[28]  T. Fordell,et al.  Probing single-photon ionization on the attosecond time scale. , 2010, Physical review letters.

[29]  Stephan Hüfner,et al.  Photoelectron Spectroscopy: Principles and Applications , 2010 .

[30]  J Burgdörfer,et al.  Delay in Photoemission , 2010, Science.

[31]  P. Echenique,et al.  One-electron model for the electronic response of metal surfaces to subfemtosecond photoexcitation. , 2009, Physical review letters.

[32]  K. Tőkési,et al.  Simulation of attosecond streaking of electrons emitted from a tungsten surface , 2009, 0904.0579.

[33]  L. Madsen,et al.  Theory for time-resolved measurements of laser-induced electron emission from metal surfaces , 2008 .

[34]  R. Holzwarth,et al.  Attosecond spectroscopy in condensed matter , 2007, Nature.

[35]  J. Fagerberg,et al.  The Oxford handbook of innovation , 2006 .

[36]  P. Echenique,et al.  Image potential states on metal surfaces: binding energies and wave functions , 1999 .

[37]  G. Somorjai.  Physics at surfaces , 1989 .

[38]  Andrew Zangwill,et al.  Physics at Surfaces: Physisorption , 1988 .