Hypertension management in populations.

A variety of lifestyle modification and drug therapies can be used to treat hypertension. Hypertension awareness, as well as drug treatment, and control rates have improved progressively in the United States during the last three decades. The extent to which lifestyle modification interventions are being utilized to treat hypertension is uncertain. There has been a progressive shift from antihypertensive drug therapy with diuretics and beta blockers toward treatment with newer and more expensive agents such as calcium channel blockers and angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors. The newer agents are well tolerated and effective in lowering blood pressure but their efficacy in preventing cardiovascular disease complications is less well documented. In order to reduce the burden of blood pressure-related cardiovascular disease in the general population, treatment of hypertension must be complemented by a parallel strategy to prevent hypertension.

[1]  P. Savage,et al.  Assessing the use of medications in the elderly: methods and initial experience in the Cardiovascular Health Study. The Cardiovascular Health Study Collaborative Research Group. , 1992, Journal of clinical epidemiology.

[2]  D. Gelskey,et al.  Prevalence, control and awareness of high blood pressure among Canadian adults. Canadian Heart Health Surveys Research Group. , 1992, CMAJ : Canadian Medical Association journal = journal de l'Association medicale canadienne.

[3]  N. Cook,et al.  The Effects of Nonpharmacologic Interventions on Blood Pressure of Persons With High Normal Levels: Results of the Trials of Hypertension Prevention, Phase I , 1992 .

[4]  P. Whelton,et al.  Migration, blood pressure pattern, and hypertension: the Yi Migrant Study. , 1991, American journal of epidemiology.

[5]  R. Stamler,et al.  Implications of the INTERSALT Study , 1991, Hypertension.

[6]  J. Clausen,et al.  Are blood pressure levels increasing in Denmark? , 1990, Journal of internal medicine.

[7]  A. Dyer,et al.  Primary prevention of hypertension by nutritional-hygienic means. Final report of a randomized, controlled trial. , 1989, JAMA.

[8]  P. Whelton,et al.  Hypertension as a Risk Factor for Renal Disease Review of Clinical and Epidemiological Evidence , 1989, Hypertension.

[9]  R. Wise,et al.  Antihypertensive Drug Use Trends in the United States From 1973 to 1985 , 1989, Hypertension.

[10]  A. LaCroix,et al.  Race and sex differentials in the impact of hypertension in the United States. The National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey I Epidemiologic Follow-up Study. , 1989, Archives of internal medicine.

[11]  H. Ueshima,et al.  Declining trends in blood pressure level and the prevalence of hypertension, and changes in related factors in Japan, 1956-1980. , 1987, Journal of chronic diseases.

[12]  P. Whelton,et al.  Physician approach to the recognition and initial management of hypertension. Results of a statewide survey of Maryland physicians. , 1986, Archives of internal medicine.

[13]  N. Poulter,et al.  Blood pressure and associated factors in a rural Kenyan community. , 1984, Hypertension.

[14]  S. MacMahon,et al.  Obesity, alcohol consumption and blood pressure in Australian men and women. The National Heart Foundation of Australia Risk Factor Prevalence Study. , 1984, Journal of hypertension.