Integrated Optimisation and Control System to Reduce Flue Gas Emissions

Abstract The control of the fluidised bed boilers can be studied as a layered system, which contains two main layers. The long-term operation of the process is optimised in the upper layer and the stabilising control loops are in the lower layer. These two main layers can be connected in a direct or indirect way. At the optimisation level, the flue gas emissions have to be minimised and the thermal efficiency of a boiler has to be maximised. The optirnisation is impossible, if stabilising controllers do not work properly. Combustion power control (CPC) is used to stabilise burning.