Mitigation of Impulsive Noise Effect on the PLC Channel With QC–LDPC Codes as the Outer Coding Scheme

In this paper, the characteristics of irregular quasicyclic-low-density parity check (QC-LDPC) codes are examined when they are applied on a highly impulsive noise channel, such as the power-line-communications (PLC) channel. We study two decoding algorithms: 1) the sum product and 2) the bit-flipping algorithm, and how they affect the system's performance. LDPC codes are introduced in combination with other coding schemes, such as Reed-Solomon and convolutional codes. We propose irregular QC-LDPC codes as outer codes for the PLC channel in combination with Reed-Solomon codes, due to their decoding characteristics. In addition, various code rates are used for each different coding scenario. We also test how common Reed-Solomon codes affect the system's performance, such as the RS(63, 53), RS(511, 431), RS(127, 107), and RS(255, 239) codes. Furthermore, we propose an altered version of the sum-product decoding algorithm to enable its operation when QC-LDPC codes are used as the outer coding scheme in combination with Reed-Solomon codes. Regarding the system's design, the orthogonal frequency-division multiplexing transmission technique is utilized. We also take Zimmermann's model into consideration for the PLC channel and Middleton's noise model.

[1]  S. Denno,et al.  A decoding for low density parity check codes over impulsive noise channels , 2005, International Symposium on Power Line Communications and Its Applications, 2005..

[2]  David Middleton,et al.  Statistical-Physical Models of Electromagnetic Interference , 1977, IEEE Transactions on Electromagnetic Compatibility.

[3]  Olaf G. Hooijen.  On the channel capacity of the residential power circuit used as a digital communications medium , 1998, IEEE Communications Letters.

[4]  Chen Jian,et al.  Channel Model and Measurement Methods for 10-kV Medium-Voltage Power Lines , 2007, IEEE Transactions on Power Delivery.

[5]  B. Meltzer Hansen,et al.  Characteristics Measurements Using TDR and Modelling of the Transmission Channel , 2007, 2007 IEEE International Symposium on Power Line Communications and Its Applications.

[6]  W. Schulz,et al.  Time Dependency of the Channel Characteristics of Low Voltage Power Lines and its Effects on Hardware Implementation , 2000 .

[7]  Robert G. Gallager,et al.  Low-density parity-check codes , 1962, IRE Trans. Inf. Theory.

[8]  Kyeongcheol Yang,et al.  Quasi-cyclic LDPC codes for fast encoding , 2005, IEEE Transactions on Information Theory.

[9]  Shu Lin,et al.  Low-density parity-check codes based on finite geometries: A rediscovery and new results , 2001, IEEE Trans. Inf. Theory.

[10]  Rüdiger L. Urbanke,et al.  Efficient encoding of low-density parity-check codes , 2001, IEEE Trans. Inf. Theory.

[11]  H. Philipps.  Modelling of Powerline Communication Channels , 2006 .

[12]  T. Banwell,et al.  A novel approach to the modeling of the indoor power line channel-Part II: transfer function and its properties , 2005, IEEE Transactions on Power Delivery.

[13]  Keum-Chan Whang,et al.  Mitigation of Performance Degradation by Impulsive Noise in LDPC Coded OFDM System , 2006, 2006 IEEE International Symposium on Power Line Communications and Its Applications.

[14]  H. Meng,et al.  Modeling and analysis of noise effects on broadband power-line communications , 2005, IEEE Transactions on Power Delivery.

[15]  Lajos Hanzo,et al.  Reliability ratio based weighted bit-flipping decoding for low-density parity-check codes , 2004 .

[16]  Klaus Dostert,et al.  A multipath model for the powerline channel , 2002, IEEE Trans. Commun..

[17]  Robert H. Morelos-Zaragoza,et al.  The Art of Error Correcting Coding: Morelos-Zaragoza/The Art of Error Correcting Coding, Second Edition , 2006 .

[18]  R. Morelos-Zaragoza.  The art of error correcting coding , 2002 .

[19]  Wayne Wolf,et al.  Implementation-efficient reliability ratio based weighted bit-flipping decoding for LDPC codes , 2005 .

[20]  Yu Kou,et al.  Low Density Parity Check Codes Based on Finite Geometries: A Rediscovery and More , 1999 .

[21]  Masoud Ardakani,et al.  Gear-shift decoding , 2006, IEEE Transactions on Communications.

[22]  D. Benyoucef.  A New Statistical Model of the Noise Power Density Spectrum for Powerline Communication , 2003 .

[23]  E. Gunawan,et al.  Radio-frequency common-mode noise propagation model for power-line cable , 2005, IEEE Transactions on Power Delivery.