Aspect Graphs for Visual Recognition of Three-Dimensional Objects

Visual representation of three-dimensional (3-D) objects in our environment is a crucial question, for human as well as for machine vision. Some basics are reviewed of a viewer-centred model of 3-D objects, aspect graphs, which represents a 3-D object by all its topologically stable visible image contours (its aspects) and by the transitions between stable image contours (the visual events). This representation takes only geometrical information about discontinuities in depth and in surface orientation into account, and other clues, such as shadows, markings, texture, etc, are disregarded. Mathematical results give some insight into the relationships between the geometry of a 3-D object and the aspect of its image contours, the techniques used to compute an aspect graph effectively, and the state of the art of this type of model in computer vision. Current research is reviewed on viewer-centred representation in cognitive science that seems to indicate that aspect graphs could also have some relevance for...

[1]  Dmitry B. Goldgof,et al.  The Scale Space Aspect Graph , 1992, IEEE Trans. Pattern Anal. Mach. Intell..

[2]  W. B. Seales,et al.  Constrained viewpoint from occluding contour , 1991, [1991 Proceedings] Workshop on Directions in Automated CAD-Based Vision.

[3]  I. Biederman,et al.  Surface versus edge-based determinants of visual recognition , 1988, Cognitive Psychology.

[4]  Alex Pentland,et al.  Why aspect graphs are not (yet) practical for computer vision , 1991, [1991 Proceedings] Workshop on Directions in Automated CAD-Based Vision.

[5]  D. Marr,et al.  Representation and recognition of the spatial organization of three-dimensional shapes , 1978, Proceedings of the Royal Society of London. Series B. Biological Sciences.

[6]  I. Rock,et al.  A case of viewer-centered object perception , 1987, Cognitive Psychology.

[7]  R. Shepard,et al.  Mental Rotation of Three-Dimensional Objects , 1971, Science.

[8]  I. Biederman.  Recognition-by-components: a theory of human image understanding. , 1987, Psychological review.

[9]  Raimund Seidel,et al.  Efficiently Computing and Representing Aspect Graphs of Polyhedral Objects , 1991, IEEE Trans. Pattern Anal. Mach. Intell..

[10]  J J Koenderink,et al.  What Does the Occluding Contour Tell Us about Solid Shape? , 1984, Perception.

[11]  A. J. Mistlin,et al.  Visual cells in the temporal cortex sensitive to face view and gaze direction , 1985, Proceedings of the Royal Society of London. Series B. Biological Sciences.

[12]  I. Rock,et al.  Can we imagine how objects look from other viewpoints? , 1989, Cognitive Psychology.

[13]  Joachim H. Rieger,et al.  The Geometry of View Space of Opaque Objects Bounded by Smooth Surfaces , 1990, Artif. Intell..

[14]  Kevin W. Bowyer,et al.  Creating The Perspective Projection Aspect Graph Of Polyhedral Objects , 1988, [1988 Proceedings] Second International Conference on Computer Vision.

[15]  Joachim H. Rieger,et al.  On the classification of views of piecewise smooth objects , 1987, Image Vis. Comput..

[16]  Shimon Edelman.  A Network Model of Object Recognition in Human Vision , 1992 .

[17]  Kevin W. Bowyer,et al.  Generalizing the aspect graph concept to include articulated assemblies , 1991, Pattern Recognit. Lett..

[18]  Jean Ponce,et al.  Invariant Properties of Straight Homogeneous Generalized Cylinders and Their Contours , 1989, IEEE Trans. Pattern Anal. Mach. Intell..

[19]  V. Arnold.  Singularities of systems of rays , 1983 .

[20]  Charles R. Dyer,et al.  3-D multiview object representations for model-based object recognition , 1987, Pattern Recognit..

[21]  T. Poggio,et al.  A network that learns to recognize three-dimensional objects , 1990, Nature.

[22]  A. Oosterlinck,et al.  Visual recognition of CAD objects with aspect graphs , 1992, Proceedings of the 1992 IEEE International Symposium on Intelligent Control.

[23]  Glen M. Castore,et al.  Solid Modeling, Aspect Graphs, and Robot Vision , 1984 .

[24]  Jitendra Malik,et al.  Computing the Aspect Graph for Line Drawings of Polyhedral Objects , 1990, IEEE Trans. Pattern Anal. Mach. Intell..

[25]  Kevin W. Bowyer,et al.  Computing the orthographic projection aspect graph of solids of revolution , 1990, Pattern Recognit. Lett..

[26]  David J. Kriegman.  Computing stable poses of piecewise smooth objects , 1991, [1991 Proceedings] Workshop on Directions in Automated CAD-Based Vision.

[27]  H. Freeman,et al.  On the characteristic views of quadric-surfaced solids , 1991, [1991 Proceedings] Workshop on Directions in Automated CAD-Based Vision.

[28]  J Wagemans,et al.  Invariance from the Euclidean Geometer's Perspective , 1994, Perception.

[29]  S. Ullman.  Aligning pictorial descriptions: An approach to object recognition , 1989, Cognition.

[30]  Marie-Françoise Roy.  Aspect graphs of algebraic surfaces , 1993, ISSAC '93.

[31]  S. Edelman,et al.  Orientation dependence in the recognition of familiar and novel views of three-dimensional objects , 1992, Vision Research.

[32]  D I Perrett,et al.  Characteristic Views and the Visual Inspection of Simple Faceted and Smooth Objects: ‘Tetrahedra and Potatoes’ , 1988, Perception.

[33]  M. Tarr,et al.  Mental rotation and orientation-dependence in shape recognition , 1989, Cognitive Psychology.

[34]  Kevin W. Bowyer,et al.  Computing the Perspective Projection Aspect Graph of Solids of Revolution , 1993, IEEE Trans. Pattern Anal. Mach. Intell..