Date Palm (Phoenix dactylifera): Protection and Remedy Food

Phoenix dactylifera belongs to the Arecaceae family; its leaves, barks, pits, fruits and pollens have antioxidant, anticancer, hepatoprotective, neuroprotective, nephroprotective, gastrointestinal protective, antidiabetic, antihyperlipidemic, fertility improvement and antimicrobial potentials. The broad pharmacological effects of P. dactylifera may be attributed to the powerful and beneficial ingredients including phenolics, flavonoids, carotenoids, vitamins, minerals, amino acids, fatty acids and organic acids. This review was conducted to explain the pharmacological preventive and curative potentials of P. dactylifera by searching PubMed and Google scholar databases through January, 2016 and selecting unique studies under each pharmacological potential of P. dactylifera.

[1]  T. Alam,et al.  In vitro inhibitory effects on α-glucosidase and α-amylase level and antioxidant potential of seeds of Phoenix dactylifera L. , 2016 .

[2]  S. Mousa,et al.  Date (Phoenix dactylifera) Polyphenolics and Other Bioactive Compounds: A Traditional Islamic Remedy’s Potential in Prevention of Cell Damage, Cancer Therapeutics and Beyond , 2015, International journal of molecular sciences.

[3]  M. Nooh,et al.  Therapeutic Potential of Date Palm Pollen for Testicular Dysfunction Induced by Thyroid Disorders in Male Rats , 2015, PloS one.

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[5]  H. AbdElgawad,et al.  Metabolic Analysis of Various Date Palm Fruit (Phoenix dactylifera L.) Cultivars from Saudi Arabia to Assess Their Nutritional Quality , 2015, Molecules.

[6]  D. Abdelaziz,et al.  Phoenix dactylifera seeds ameliorate early diabetic complications in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats , 2015, Pharmaceutical biology.

[7]  M. Aviram,et al.  Antioxidant and antiatherogenic properties of phenolic acid and flavonol fractions of fruits of 'Amari' and 'Hallawi' date (Phoenix dactylifera L.) varieties. , 2015, Journal of agricultural and food chemistry.

[8]  M. Al-Said,et al.  Proanthocyanidin-rich date seed extract protects against chemically induced hepatorenal toxicity. , 2015, Journal of medicinal food.

[9]  I. Rowland,et al.  The impact of date palm fruits and their component polyphenols, on gut microbial ecology, bacterial metabolites and colon cancer cell proliferation , 2014, Journal of nutritional science.

[10]  H. Sadeghi,et al.  Effects of date palm pollen (Phoenix dactylifera L.) and Astragalus ovinus on sperm parameters and sex hormones in adult male rats , 2014, Iranian journal of reproductive medicine.

[11]  A. Samb,et al.  Antioxidant activity of various Mauritanian date palm (Phoenix dactylifera L.) fruits at two edible ripening stages , 2014, Food science & nutrition.

[12]  M. Sakly,et al.  Effects of dates pulp extract and palm sap (Phoenix dactylifera L.) on gastrointestinal transit activity in healthy rats. , 2014, Journal of medicinal food.

[13]  A. Zakhama,et al.  Hepatoprotective activity of date fruit extracts against dichloroacetic acid-induced liver damage in rats , 2014 .

[14]  I. M. Mohamed Ahmed,et al.  Chemical composition, antioxidant capacity, and mineral extractability of Sudanese date palm (Phoenix dactylifera L.) fruits , 2014, Food science & nutrition.

[15]  S. Aly,et al.  Therapeutic effects of date fruits (Phoenix dactylifera) in the prevention of diseases via modulation of anti-inflammatory, anti-oxidant and anti-tumour activity. , 2014, International journal of clinical and experimental medicine.

[16]  Y. El-Sayed,et al.  Therapeutic effects of date palm (Phoenix dactylifera L.) pollen extract on cadmium‐induced testicular toxicity , 2013, Andrologia.

[17]  J. Estrela,et al.  Natural Polyphenols and Apoptosis Induction in Cancer Therapy , 2013 .

[18]  S. Guyot,et al.  Detailed polyphenol and tannin composition and its variability in Tunisian dates (Phoenix dactylifera L.) at different maturity stages. , 2013, Journal of agricultural and food chemistry.

[19]  E. Mehinagic,et al.  Phenolic composition and antioxidant capacities of ten Algerian date (Phoenix dactylifera L.) cultivars: A comparative study , 2013 .

[20]  A. Zakhama,et al.  Antioxidant-rich date palm fruit extract inhibits oxidative stress and nephrotoxicity induced by dimethoate in rat , 2011, Journal of Physiology and Biochemistry.

[21]  M. Jafari,et al.  Date Fruit Extract Is a Neuroprotective Agent in Diabetic Peripheral Neuropathy in Streptozotocin-Induced Diabetic Rats: A Multimodal Analysis , 2011, Oxidative medicine and cellular longevity.

[22]  N. Vyawahare,et al.  Evaluation of antioxidant and neuroprotective effect of date palm (Phoenix dactylifera L.) against bilateral common carotid artery occlusion in rats. , 2011, Indian journal of experimental biology.

[23]  A. Zakhama,et al.  Protective effect of date palm fruit extract (Phoenix dactylifera L.) on dimethoate induced-oxidative stress in rat liver. , 2011, Experimental and toxicologic pathology : official journal of the Gesellschaft fur Toxikologische Pathologie.

[24]  H. Bawadi,et al.  The effect of late pregnancy consumption of date fruit on labour and delivery , 2011, Journal of obstetrics and gynaecology : the journal of the Institute of Obstetrics and Gynaecology.

[25]  A. O. Abuelgassim.  Effect of flax seeds and date palm leaves extracts on serum concentrations of glucose and lipids in alloxan diabetic rats. , 2010, Pakistan journal of biological sciences : PJBS.

[26]  S. Mard,et al.  Evaluation of the antidiabetic and antilipaemic activities of the hydroalcoholic extract of phoenix dactylifera palm leaves and its fractions in alloxan-induced diabetic rats. , 2010, The Malaysian journal of medical sciences : MJMS.

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[28]  N. Chaira,et al.  Simple phenolic composition, flavonoid contents and antioxidant capacities in water-methanol extracts of Tunisian common date cultivars (Phoenixdactylifera L.) , 2009, International journal of food sciences and nutrition.

[29]  A. El-Far,et al.  The Ameliorative Effect of Phoenix Dactylifera Extract on CCl4 Hepatotoxicity in New Zealand Rabbits , 2009 .

[30]  F. Lajolo,et al.  Antidiabetes and antihypertension potential of commonly consumed carbohydrate sweeteners using in vitro models. , 2008, Journal of medicinal food.

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[35]  P. Kefalas,et al.  Phenolic profile and antioxidant activity of the Algerian ripe date palm fruit (Phoenix dactylifera) , 2005 .

[36]  Z. Shraideh,et al.  Ultrastructural effects of date extract on Candida albicans , 2004, Mycopathologia.

[37]  H. Abdel-Rahman,et al.  Protective Effect of Extracts from Dates (Phoenix dactylifera L.) on Carbon Tetrachloride-Induced Hepatotoxicity in Rats , 2004 .

[38]  Richard J. Marshall,et al.  The fruit of the date palm: its possible use as the best food for the future? , 2003, International journal of food sciences and nutrition.

[39]  H. Mousa,et al.  Gastrointestinal transit in mice treated with various extracts of date (Phoenix dactylifera L.). , 2003, Food and chemical toxicology : an international journal published for the British Industrial Biological Research Association.

[40]  P. Vayalil.  Antioxidant and antimutagenic properties of aqueous extract of date fruit (Phoenix dactylifera L. Arecaceae). , 2002, Journal of agricultural and food chemistry.

[41]  R. Evershed,et al.  Detection of palm fruit lipids in archaeological pottery from Qasr Ibrim, Egyptian Nubia , 2001, Proceedings of the Royal Society of London. Series B: Biological Sciences.

[42]  K. Abu-Elteen.  Effects of date extract on adhesion of Candida species to human buccal epithelial cells in vitro. , 2000, Journal of oral pathology & medicine : official publication of the International Association of Oral Pathologists and the American Academy of Oral Pathology.

[43]  A. Sallal,et al.  Effect of date extract on growth and spore germination of Bacillus subtilis. , 1989, Microbios.

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