A continuous-time ripple reduction technique for spinning-current Hall sensors

The intrinsic offset of Hall sensors can be reduced with the help of the spinning-current technique, which modulates this offset away from the signal band. The resulting offset ripple can then be removed by a low-pass filter, which, however, limits the sensor's bandwidth. This paper presents a ripple-reduction technique that does not require a low-pass filter. Measurements on a Hall sensor system implemented in a 0.18μm CMOS process show that the technique can reduce the residual ripple by at least 40dB - to the same level as the sensor's noise.

[1]  P.J.A. Munter.  A low-offset spinning-current hall plate , 1990 .

[2]  P.-A. Besse,et al.  Micro-Hall devices: performance, technologies and applications , 2003 .

[3]  Pavel Ripka,et al.  Advances in Magnetic Field Sensors , 2010, IEEE Sensors Journal.

[4]  Kofi A. A. Makinwa,et al.  A 21 nV/$\surd$ Hz Chopper-Stabilized Multi-Path Current-Feedback Instrumentation Amplifier With 2 $\mu$ V Offset , 2012, IEEE Journal of Solid-State Circuits.

[5]  R.S. Popovic,et al.  A 0.35um-CMOS, Wide-Band, Low-Noise HALL Magnetometer for Current Sensing Applications , 2007, 2007 IEEE Sensors.

[6]  R. D. Lorenz,et al.  Evaluation of Point Field Sensing in IGBT Modules for High-Bandwidth Current Measurement , 2013, IEEE Transactions on Industry Applications.

[7]  B. Miedzinski,et al.  Performance of Hall sensors when used in ground fault protections in MV networks , 2004, 39th International Universities Power Engineering Conference, 2004. UPEC 2004..

[8]  Yue Xu,et al.  Monolithic H-bridge brushless DC vibration motor driver with a highly sensitive hall sensor in 0.18 μm complementary metal-oxide semiconductor technology , 2013, IET Circuits Devices Syst..

[9]  L.K.J. Vandamme,et al.  Experimental studies on 1/f noise , 1981 .

[10]  B. Boser,et al.  A compact Hall-effect sensor array for the detection and imaging of single magnetic beads in biomedical assays , 2011, 2011 16th International Solid-State Sensors, Actuators and Microsystems Conference.

[11]  Ante Elez,et al.  Detection of inter-coil short circuits in synchronous machine armature winding on the basis of analysis of machine magnetic field , 2010, The XIX International Conference on Electrical Machines - ICEM 2010.

[12]  D. Draxelmayr,et al.  A chopped Hall sensor with small jitter and programmable "True Power-on" function , 2005, IEEE Journal of Solid-State Circuits.

[13]  Kofi A. A. Makinwa,et al.  A Current-Feedback Instrumentation Amplifier With a Gain Error Reduction Loop and 0.06% Untrimmed Gain Error , 2011, IEEE J. Solid State Circuits.

[14]  Christian Schott,et al.  A CMOS Single-Chip Electronic Compass with Microcontroller , 2007, 2007 IEEE International Solid-State Circuits Conference. Digest of Technical Papers.

[15]  M. Blagojevic,et al.  SOI Hall-Sensor Front End for Energy Measurement , 2006, IEEE Sensors Journal.

[16]  Michael A. E. Andersen,et al.  High-Efficiency Isolated Boost DC–DC Converter for High-Power Low-Voltage Fuel-Cell Applications , 2010, IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics.

[17]  Patrick Ruther,et al.  A thermal van der Pauw test structure , 2000 .

[18]  Maher Kayal,et al.  Highly sensitive Hall magnetic sensor microsystem in CMOS technology , 2002, IEEE J. Solid State Circuits.

[19]  Kofi A. A. Makinwa,et al.  A 1.8 $\mu$ W 60 nV$/\surd$ Hz Capacitively-Coupled Chopper Instrumentation Amplifier in 65 nm CMOS for Wireless Sensor Nodes , 2011, IEEE Journal of Solid-State Circuits.

[20]  H.E.M. Barlow,et al.  Power measurement at 4 Gc/s by the application of the Hall effect in a semiconductor , 1959 .

[21]  Intermezzo.  The Magnetic Field of the Earth , 2006 .

[22]  Marc Pastre,et al.  A Hall Sensor Analog Front End for Current Measurement With Continuous Gain Calibration , 2007 .

[23]  B. Schaffer,et al.  A miniature digital current sensor with differential Hall probes using enhanced chopping techniques and mechanical stress compensation , 2012, 2012 IEEE Sensors.

[24]  Kofi A. A. Makinwa,et al.  A chopper current-feedback instrumentation amplifier with a 1mHz 1/ƒ noise corner and an AC-coupled ripple-reduction loop , 2009, ISSCC.

[25]  Ralph Steiner Vanha.  Rotary switch and current monitor by Hall-based microsystems , 1999 .

[26]  Gyu-Hyeong Cho,et al.  High Area-Efficient DC-DC Converter With High Reliability Using Time-Mode Miller Compensation (TMMC) , 2013, IEEE Journal of Solid-State Circuits.

[27]  M. Geske,et al.  The Hall Effect in Silicon Circuits , 1980 .

[28]  Samuel Huber,et al.  CMOS Single-Chip Electronic Compass With Microcontroller , 2007, IEEE Journal of Solid-State Circuits.

[29]  Soo-Won Kim,et al.  A CMOS TDC-based digital magnetic Hall sensor using the self temperature compensation , 2008, 2008 IEEE Custom Integrated Circuits Conference.

[30]  Kofi A. A. Makinwa,et al.  A continuous-time ripple reduction technique for spinning-current Hall sensors , 2013 .

[31]  Oliver Paul,et al.  Magnetic field amplification by slender cuboid-shaped magnetic concentrators with a single gap , 2010 .